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Pakistani Nuclear History

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South Asia

Pakistan

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Nuclear Proliferation

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Pervez, Arshad Z.

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Western Europe

France

The Taj Mahal Shrine in Agra, India.

South Asia

India

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United States. Department of State

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Zia-ul-Haq, Mohammad

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United States. Embassy (Pakistan)

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Indian Nuclear History

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Hungary. Embassy (Pakistan)

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Photograph of President Ronald Reagan

Reagan, Ronald

1911- 2004

Chinese Nuclear History

Soviet Foreign Policy

South African Nuclear History

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December 29, 1987	Department of State, Memorandum from INR Director Morton Abramowitz to Mr. Armacost, 'Pakistan—Pervez Case and Solarz Amendment' This INR memorandum tacitly assumed that the facts of the Pervez case fit a decision to invoke the Solarz amendment: despite some recent actions to “restrict nuclear procurement in the US,” the procurement network “could not exist without the umbrella of government approval, protection, and funding.”
December 21, 1987	Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Memorandum from Norman Wulf for Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs, 'Next Steps on Pakistan—Solarz and Symington' Norman Wulf sent Armacost a proposal for applying nonproliferation standards to Palistan even if Reagan rejected application of the Solarz amendment and aid continued.
December 17, 1987	Letter, President Reagan to Speaker of the House, Enclosing Presidential Determination Reagan informed Congress that he had “concluded that Pakistan does not possess a nuclear explosive device.”
December 17, 1987	Department of State Telegram to US Embassy Islamabad, 'Pervez Case Verdict' After hearing tape-recorded conversations and seeing Pervez’s diary entries and the Pervez-Carpenter correspondence, on 17 December 1987, the jury found him guilty on 5 out of 8 counts, including conspiracy, attempted export of beryllium without the required license, and submitting false end-use statements about the maraging steel. Inam Ul-Haq was also found guilty of conspiracy and false statements.
December 14, 1987	Department of State, Memorandum from Jonathan Schwartz to Ms. Verville [et al.], 'Pervez Trial Status' After hearing tape-recorded conversations and seeing Pervez’s diary entries and the Pervez-Carpenter correspondence, on 17 December 1987, the jury found him guilty on 5 out of 8 counts, including conspiracy, attempted export of beryllium without the required license, and submitting false end-use statements about the maraging steel. Inam Ul-Haq was also found guilty of conspiracy and false statements.
December 23, 1987	Department of State, Memorandum from Jonathan Schwartz to Ms. Verville [et al.], 'Pervez Trial Status' After hearing tape-recorded conversations and seeing Pervez’s diary entries and the Pervez-Carpenter correspondence, on 17 December 1987, the jury found him guilty on 5 out of 8 counts, including conspiracy, attempted export of beryllium without the required license, and submitting false end-use statements about the maraging steel. Inam Ul-Haq was also found guilty of conspiracy and false statements.
November 21, 1987	Arms Control and Disarmament Agency, Memorandum from Kenneth Adelman for the President, 'Certification on Pakistan' Secretary Shultz had recommended that Washington “now certify” that Pakistan “does not possess a nuclear device” (as required by the Pressler amendment).
November 1987	United States v. Arshad Pervez, Criminal Number 87-00283, Exhibits 38-86 through 52 The exhibits included Pervez’s notebooks with such incriminating language as “atom” and “military.”
November 1987	United States v. Arshad Pervez, Criminal Number 87-00283, Exhibits 38-38 through 38-85 The exhibits included Pervez’s notebooks with such incriminating language as “atom” and “military.”
November 1987	United States v. Arshad Pervez, Criminal Number 87-00283, Exhibits 24 through 38-37 The exhibits included Pervez’s notebooks with such incriminating language as “atom” and “military.” Moreover, “my expert is procurement manager for nuclear plant.” A letter from Ul-Haq to Pervez from early 1987 demonstrated that this was more than a business venture: “personal interests must not be allowed to overtake national interests.”