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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Cuban Foreign Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Middle East

Turkey

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

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Bulgaria. Communist Party. Central Committee (BCP CC). Politburo

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Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Stoyanov, Dimitar

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Defense

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Documents

November 17, 1965	A Proposal from Bulgarian State Security Chairman A. Solakov to the Secretariat on Recruitment of Foreign Students in Bulgaria The State Security Committee chair, Angel Solakov, seeks authorization from the BCP CC Secretariat to recruit foreign nationals, residing in Bulgaria as university students and military academy cadets.
January 11, 1966	Bulgarian Politburo Resolution on Intelligence Actions Against China and Albania CC BCP Politburo approves Angel Solakov’s recommendation the State Security Committee to commence intelligence and counter-intelligence operations against PRC and Albania. In an attached report Solakov lays out the rationale for such actions. Solakov cites cases where the Chinese and Albanian intelligence services have allegedly embarked upon anti-Soviet actions in various countries of Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America.
March 23, 1967	Bulgarian State Security Chairman Angel Solakov’s Report at a Bulgarian Communist Party Plenum According to the State Security Committee chair, Angel Solakov, there has been a major shift in the policies of the West towards the Soviet bloc. While during the 1950s military face-off was often considered an option, in the late 1960s such possibility has been largely ruled out. Consequently the US and their allies in Western Europe are focusing their efforts on fighting socialism around the world through peaceful means, such as strengthening economic and cultural ties with the Soviet bloc countries. This calls for a change in the strategy of the State Security Committee intelligence operations. Solakov also reports on the anti-Soviet activities of the Chinese and Albanian intelligence services across Europe.
September 6, 1971	Letter from A. Solakov to T. Zhivkov on Accusations Against Him Solakov's second letter to Todor Zhivkov regarding accusations against him, expressed at a CC BCP Politburo meeting in July 1971. The accusations caused the removal of Solakov as a Minister of the Interior, and his removal as a CC BCP member. According to Gen. Solakov, he made a mistake of not informing Todor Zhivkov about few rumors. The first one was that he presumably intended to make a Party career with a promotion to the position of CC BCP Secretary. The second was connected with a circulated inside CC BCP compromising information that Solakov allowed the US CIA to receive through the Bulgarian company TEXIM (a cover KDS organization for arms transfer in Third World countries) several million dollars in an Arabic country.
September 20, 1972	Bulgarian Politburo decision on Intelligence Activity Against China BCP CC Politburo approves the request of the Minister of Internal Affairs, Angel Tzanev, for an increase in the intelligence staff in response to the need for expanding intelligence operations in China, Albania, Romania, Yugoslavia and Vietnam – a move closely coordinated with the KGB.
September 29, 1972	Letter from Gen. M. Spasov and Gen. Gr. Shopov to T. Zhivkov against former Counterintelligence Directorate Chief Gen. Grigorov A Letter to Todor Zhivkov from Gen. Mircho Spasov, former Deputy Minister of the Interior and Deputy Chief of CC BCP "Military" Department, and Gen. Grigor Shopov, First Deputy Minister of the Interior, with accusations against Gen. Georgi Grigorov, former KDS Second Main Directorate (VGU) Chief. In the letter they both insist that instead of being promoted to Vice Chairman of the State Committee of Tourism, Gen. Grigorov had to "to be imprisoned"
February 19, 1973	Information from Bulgaria on the Dismissal of Charges Against Army Officers for Anti-Party and Anti-State Activity Information regarding the reaction of a group of 16 Bulgarian Armed Forces officers, discharged for “anti-party and anti-state activity”. Some of them were rehabilitated with a CC BCP Secretariat Resolution “B-9” on October 13, 1972. The BCP CC’s Military Department recommends that the State Security Committee’s Sixth Directorate continue monitoring the group. KDS should also brief regularly the BCP CC about the behavior of those former officers who have not yet been rehabilitated. While those with favorable disposition towards the Party line should be recommended for future rehabilitation, others who are still standing on “anti-party” positions must be warned in the course.
June 5, 1974	Report from D. Stoyanov to T. Zhivkov on Strengthening of the Bulgarian Border with Yugoslavia The Minister of Internal Affairs, Dimitar Stoyanov, reports on the security situation along Yugoslav-Bulgarian border. Since that border is the one most often used by defectors, the Minister proposes a 50% increase in the border patrol troops.
1978	Information from D. Stoyanov to T. Zhivkov on the Internal Situation and Foreign Policy of Ethiopia The Minister of Internal Affairs, Dimitar Stoyanov reports on the political situation in Ethiopia during the late 1970s. The economic hardship is pushing Mengistu’s government to accept Western aid, in addition to the support it is getting from the Soviet bloc. Mengistu also seems to be critical of the anti-Soviet policy of China.
February 9, 1987	Weekly Bulgarian State Security Review Based on intelligence sources, the Minister of Internal Affairs Dimitar Stoyanov reports on domestic political developments. Among the issues covered in the memo are the domestic repercussions of the January 1987 Plenary Session of the CPSU Central Committee, as well as the Western allegations of human rights violations in regard to Bulgaria’s policy toward the Turkish ethnic minority.