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Eastern Europe

Romania

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Nicolae Ceausescu, 1974

Ceaușescu, Nicolae

1918- 1989

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Warsaw Pact

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Gomułka, Władysław

1905- 1982

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

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Gheorghiu-Dej, Gheorghe

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

Warsaw Pact Military Planning

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Prague Spring, 1968

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January 7, 1966	Transcript of the Discussions on the Occasion of the Reception by Comrade N. Ceausescu of I. Czesak, Member of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers Party (P.U.W.P.) This transcript is of the discussion between Nicolae Ceausescu and I. Czesak at the reception of the Polish official in Romania, in which they discuss the possibility of uniting the socialist countries of Europe and Asia, and the recent visit of an American envoy to Warsaw in order to discuss the situation in Vietnam.
August 21, 1989	Resolution of the CPSU CC Politburo No. 132, 'Regarding the Appeal of Cde. Ceauşescu' The CPSU CC rejects Ceauşescu's proposal that the Warsaw Pact and CMEA convene to discuss the situation in Poland, stating "each of our parties and each of our states are in a position now to decide this matter for themselves, without the need to hold a multilateral meeting."
August 19, 1989	Soviet Ambassador to Romania E. M. Tyazhel'nikov, Record of a Conversation with N. Ceauşescu and Message for Gorbachev Ambassador Tyazhel'nikov relays a message for Gorbachev from Ceauşescu in which he expresses concern about events in Poland and Tadeusz Mazowiecki's appointment as Prime Minister. Ceauşescu argued strongly that the socialist states "must decisively come forth in a united front in order to prevent the formation of a Solidarity-led government in Poland."
August 24, 1989	Information of the Romanian Embassy in Budapest to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1415 hrs A Romanian official at the Embassy in Budapest reports on the Hungarian response to Ceaușescu's 19 August 1989 appeal regarding the situation in Poland.
August 22, 1989	Report of the Embassy of Romania in Warsaw to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 0145 hr Romanian Ambassador to Poland Ion Tesu reports on the Polish response to Ceaușescu's 19 August message to all of the socialist countries. Includes a written response from the PUWP leadership
August 21, 1989	Transcript of Meeting of the Executive Politburo of the Central Committee of the Romanian Communist Party Ceauşescu and the Romanian Executive Politburo discuss events in Poland in August 1989 and Ceauşescu's message to the other socialist countries concerning it.
July 5, 1989	Excerpts from the Conversation of M.S. Gorbachev and Francois Mitterrand Excerpts from a dinner conversation between Gorbachev and Mitterrand where they discuss the political situations in Romania, Bulgaria, and Poland, and also comment on the US political system.
June 14, 1989	Conversation between M. S. Gorbachev and FRG Chancellor Helmut Kohl Gorbachev and Kohl discuss relations with the United States, Kohl's upcoming visit to Poland, and the status of reforms in various socialist countries.
September 9, 1973	Cryptogram No 1144 from Polish Embassy in Beijing, Romanian Diplomats in China The Polish Embassy in Beijing reports that the Romanian ambassador is taking a hard line towards diplomats from other European socialist countries, avoiding contact, boycotting their receptions, and providing disinformation to them.
January 11, 1971	Report, Polish Embassy in Bucharest, 'Romania After the Agreements on Friendship with the Soviet Union, Poland and Bulgaria' The Polish Embassy in Romania reports on trends in Romanian foreign relations. There are signs of rapprochement with the other socialist countries in the Warsaw Pact after Romania reversed course to join Comecon. Yet Ceaușescu continued to court China and the United States as well.