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South African Nuclear History

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Southern Africa

South Africa

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North America

United States

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Middle East

Israel

Nuclear Proliferation

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Malan, Magnus

1930- 2011

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Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

Great Britain

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Western Europe

France

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Reagan, Ronald

1911- 2004

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Botha, P. W. (Pieter Willem)

1916- 2006

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Vorster, B. J. (Balthazar Johannes)

1915- 1983

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Philip, Peter H.

-

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Sole, Donald Bell

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Israeli Nuclear History

Brazilian Nuclear History

Pakistani Nuclear History

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April 28, 1960	South African Report, 'Union-United States Cooperation in Nuclear Field: Financial Assistance' A summary of an exchange of telegrams between the US Embassy in South Africa and the US Legation in Vienna discussing the US position on any formal request by the Union of South Africa for nuclear materials.
November 17, 1989	Letter, Richard Carter to Herbert Beukes Richard Carter writes to the US Ambassador to South Africa proposing that South Africa "come clean" about its nuclear program.
September 29, 1976	Discussion between SWAPO with Dr Henry Kissinger, US Secretary of State, in New York Dr. Kissinger expresses his proposal for a conference on Namibia to be attended by SWAPO (South West Africa People's Organization), Turnhalle members, and South Africa. The Conference concerned the ongoing struggle for independence by Namibian guerrillas from South African rule. Kissinger pledged US support to SWAPO as the leading force in Namibia, but Namibian delegates responded that they would not attend the conference unless South Africa met all preconditions including the withdrawal of troops from Namibian territory.
August 31, 1990	Letter from South African President De Klerk to President Bush South African President De Klerk writes to U.S. President George H.W. Bush in reply to the latter’s 24 July, 1990 letter regarding South Africa’s accession to the NPT. The letter explicitly states South Africa’s commitment to disarmament and suggests the possibility of “declaring South Africa a nuclear weapons free zone.”
November 17, 1989	Memorandum, Richard Carter, South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'Main Points Arising from Luncheon on 14 November 1989' with Atomic Energy Corporation (AEC) A memorandum outlining AEC and Armscor arguments regarding nuclear weapons development and NPT accession. Includes discussion of implications should the African National Congress gain power in government, decontamination of enrichment sites and degradation of previously enriched materials.
September 1, 1988	Report, South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'A Balanced Approach to the NPT: Armscor/AEC Concerns Viewed from a DFA Standpoint' Analysis of South Africa's stance on the NPT, particularly in light of ARMSCOR and AEC concerns. Calls for a “strategy of uncertainty” to obfuscate South Africa’s perceived nuclear weapons capability.
May 1981	Announcement, F. W. de Klerk, South African Minister of Mineral and Energy Affairs, 'Safari-1 to be Operated by Locally Manufactured Fuel' Statement by Minister of Mineral and Energy Affairs F.W. De Klerk announcing plans to supply the SAFARI-1 reactor with locally-sourced uranium, yet will continue to adhere to IAEA safeguards for both the reactor and the fuel.
March 20, 1981	Report, South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'South African-United States' Nuclear Relations' Background on US-South African nuclear relations and uranium cooperation from the end of the Second World War to the early 1980s. Also addressed is the Vela incident of September 1979 and the international community’s backlash against the South African government.
March 1981	South African Department of Foreign Affairs, 'Directive for Discussions of Nuclear Matters with United States Authorities' A memorandum in advance of a meeting between U.S. and South African policymakers which outlines South Africa’s intention to adhere to the principles and spirit of the NPT, and concerns about the supply of fuel for the Koeberg and SAFARI-1 reactors
August 31, 1977	Cable from South African Embassy in the US to the South African Secretary for Foreign Affairs on South Africa and the Bomb Telegram from the South African embassy in Washington to the Secretary for Foreign Affairs in Pretoria in response to a Washington Post article which alleged that South African had developed an untested nuclear weapon and became "the seventh nuclear power even though it will not be recognized as such." The conclusion drawn is that the article will lead to a watershed moment in South Africa’s international relations.