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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Cuban Foreign Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Middle East

Turkey

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

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Bulgaria. Communist Party. Central Committee (BCP CC). Politburo

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Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Stoyanov, Dimitar

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Defense

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Documents

January 4, 1968	Report by the Bulgarian Foreign Minister on the Ministerial Meeting in Warsaw regarding the situation in the Middle East, 4 January 1968 Ivan Bashev presents a report on the CPSU-organized meeting in Warsaw, where the Communist Bloc countries exchanged views on the situation in the Middle East.
January 4, 1968	Report by the Bulgarian Foreign Minister on the Ministerial Meeting in Warsaw on the Situation in the Middle East, 19-21 December 1967 Ivan Bashev presents a report on the CPSU-organized meeting in Warsaw, where Eastern European government officials exchanged views on the situation in the Middle East. Among the discussed topics were the Arab-Israeli conflict, the Yemeni Civil War, and recent developments in Iraq.
1972	Minutes of the Joint Meeting of the Bulgarian Central Committee, the State Council, and the Council of Ministers, on the Situation in the Middle East Todor Zhivkov reports on his recent visit to the Syrian Arab Republic and the Arab Republic of Egypt.
September 30, 1974	Memorandum of Conversation between Todor Zhivkov and Hafez Al Assad The two leaders discuss the Middle East, the American involvement, and the shipment of Soviet weaponry to Syria.
December 22, 1982	Summary of Information on Visit of Schafik Jorge Handal – Secretary General of the Communist Party of El Salvador – to Bulgaria ( 8-13 December 1982) Summary of main points discussed during Handal’s meetings with Alexander Lilov and Dimitar Stanishev regarding the political atmosphere in El Salvador and the revolutionary struggles in Latin America as a whole. Key topics include: the military and political operations of the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMNL), the Summit of Central American Communist parties and revolutionary organizations held in Havana, and the problems encountered by the revolutionary movements in Latin America.
July 11, 1983	Information from the Bulgarian Communist Party Regarding the Visit of the Delegation of the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) to Bulgaria Information summarizing the objectives of a visit of the FSLN delegation, headed by Baiardo Arse [name is spelled phonetically], to Bulgaria. The visit, which took place from 28 June to July 3 1983, aimed at exchanging information and ideas on ways to reform FSLN, in order to transform the Front into an avant-garde Marxist-Leninist party. The document describes the political and economic pressure exerted by the Reagan administration on a number of Central and Latin American countries, in order to decrease the support for the Front and other leftist revolutionary movements. According to the information FSLN responded to these measures by consolidating and strengthening its army, and national militia; maintaining transparency and political pluralism; strengthening the cooperative and state economic sector, and redirecting trade to new markets, mainly in the socialist community.
November 20, 1984	Information on Changes in the Strategic and Tactical Struggle of the Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMNL) A description of measures taken by the military leadership of FMNL to improve the organized struggle in Central America, in terms of creating opportunities for large-scale operations intended to lead to the ultimate defeat of the enemy – the government-supported army of El Salvador. The information was compiled based on sources of the Vietnamese Embassy in Havana, and with the cooperation of the Cuban comrades. According to the document, a decision was made to regroup military units from small squads to battalions and brigades. Following this course, the partisan movements earned considerable success in 1984, but their actions easy to trace due to the size of the new formations. As a result the Front’s combat units, hospitals and supply bases suffered severe blows. The situation at hand required that FMNL reassess its strategy and make important changes in accord with the anticipated victory of the Sandinista movement in Nicaragua and that of Reagan in the US. The document states that FMNL’s leadership switched its strategic and tactical line and reverted to armed struggle conducted by small mobile squads. This change aided the suppression of the government armed forces’ offensive.
July 11, 1985	Information about the Visit of a Delegation of the Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity (GNRU) to Bulgaria A summary of statements made by GNRU leaders during meetings with Bulgarian officials, regarding the history of GNRU and its ongoing struggle to maintain its existence and to help unify communist movements throughout Central America. During the visit the delegation requested financial assistance from Bulgaria’s Fatherland Front along with the establishment of a university exchange program with AONSU [Bulgaria's Academy for Social Sciences and Management]. The following GNRU leaders were present: Rolando Morán, Gaspar Ilom, Pablo Monsanto. Ana-Maria, Ronaldo Moran’s spouse, and Captain Maria, spouse of Pablo Monsanto, attended some of the meetings and met with the Vice-Chair of the Bulgarian Women’s Movement – comrade V. Grueva. Comrade Pencho Kubadinski and Comrade Dimitar Stanishev welcomed the delegation and held discussions with all three leaders.
1970	Letter to the Secretary of the Central Committee of the Soviet Union, B. N. Ponomarev A letter describing the state of socialist and communist movements in Latin America with respect to their organized struggle against the imperial influence of the US. The letter indicates that the growth of youth, workers' and women's movements in Latin America is conducive to the development of stronger ties with the socialist countries around the world. The letter suggests that a strategic approach towards Latin America should be adopted in establishing cooperation in all spheres of life: economic, political, and cultural. An emphasis is placed on the gradual development of close relations with Latin American communist parties.
December 11, 1973	Gen. Dobry Djurov's Report to Todor Zhivkov: Some Deliberations on the October Middle East War A Defense Ministry report on The 1973 War. The report discusses the weaknesses in the Arab military strategy – lack of coordination, lack of serious commitment, insufficient mobilization of available resources, etc.