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Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

South African Nuclear History

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Southern Africa

South Africa

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Photograph of President Ronald Reagan

Reagan, Ronald

1911- 2004

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Philip, Peter H.

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Official portrait for President Jimmy Carter, 1978.

Carter, Jimmy

1924-

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Sole, Donald Bell

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Western Europe

France

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Western Europe

Great Britain

Israeli Nuclear History

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923-

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Vorster, B. J. (Balthazar Johannes)

1915- 1983

Nuclear Proliferation

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November 22, 2019	Leonard Weiss, 'My Involvement with the 1979 Vela Satellite (6911) Event' Statement made by Leonard Weiss about his memories of the 1979 VELA Incident.
November 8, 2019	The VELA Incident: A Statement Written by Dr. Alan Berman A statement written by Dr. Alan Berman about the 1979 VELA Incident.
November 21, 2019	Richard L. Garwin, 'More from a Ruina-panel Member' Accounts and memories of the 1979 VELA Incident and the Ruina Panel put together by Richard L. Garwin.
July 1978	Interagency Intelligence Memorandum, US Director of Central Intelligence, 'South Africa’s Nuclear Options and Decisionmaking Structure' Memo reports that during the period the Carter administration was putting pressure on South Africa to avoid the nuclear weapons route, but the analysts suggested that even if the South Africans signed the NPT and accepted IEAE safeguards they would continue to pursue a “covert program.”
September 2, 1949	Memorandum of Conversation Regarding Eximbank Loan to South Africa Assistant Secretary of State Thorp, Arneson, and Wendel discuss a potential Eximbank loan to South Africa, noting that though the loan application should be considered separate from US uranium purchases, South Africa was due to become the main source of uranium in the US after the Congo's supply was depleted.
October 18, 1948	Memorandum from A.M. Rosenson to Wendel Regarding Draft Economic Policy Statement Memo from Alexander M. Rosenson, chief of the monetary affairs staff at the Dept. of State, to Wendel with the economic section of the US policy agenda towards South Africa attached.
May 26, 1948	Memorandum from J.K Gustafson to C.L. Wilson Regarding Gustafson's Conversation with Anton Gray Memo from J. K. Gustafson to Carroll L. Wilson, both of the US Atomic Energy Commission, regarding a conversation Anton Gray had with General Smuts, the fourth prime minister of South Africa, about South Africa's uranium development and its effect on relations with the US and the UK.
May 17, 1948	Memorandum from Edmund A. Gullion to J.K. Gustafson Regarding US Policy towards South Africa Memo from Edmund Gullion, Special Assistant to the Undersecretary, to J. K. Gustafson of the Atomic Energy Commission summarizing the most important unresolved policy issues between the U.S. and South Africa.
August 30, 1977	Telegram, Statement by South African Finance Minister O.P.F. Horwood on South Africa's Nuclear Intentions In a statement Horwood said that South Africa's nuclear program was for peaceful purposes, but that if it choose to, the country would make the decision to develop weapons "according to its own needs and it alone would make the decision."
August 18, 1981	Letter from South African Foreign Minister R. F. Botha on Relations with the Reagan Administration Letter from South African Foreign Minister "Pik" Botha to South African Member of Parliament J.W.K. Wiley on relations with the United States. He notes that there has been a considerable change in policy since the Reagan administration took over from Carter, summarizing that "the Americans are not at present trying to make trouble for us," although that may change if progress is not made on South West Africa, i.e. Namibia.