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Southern Africa

South Africa

South African Nuclear History

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

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Southern Africa

Namibia

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Central Africa

Angola

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Photograph of P.W. Botha

Botha, P. W. (Pieter Willem)

1916- 2006

Nuclear Proliferation

Photograph from the 1995 NPT Review Conference

The 1995 NPT Review and Extension Conference

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Vorster, B. J. (Balthazar Johannes)

1915- 1983

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Botha, R. F. (Roelof Frederik) ("Pik")

1932-

Margaret Thatcher in 1984

Thatcher, Margaret

1925- 2013

Israeli Nuclear History

Pakistani Nuclear History

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February 18, 1983	Letter from South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan to Israeli Defense Minister Moshe Arens South African Minister of Defence Magnus Malan writes to Moshe Arens to congratulate him on his appointment as Israeli Minister of Defense.
April 26, 1982	Letter from South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan to Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan writes to Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon to thank him for his hospitality to the South African delegation during their visit to Israel. Malan thanks Sharon for "your clear and grave concern over the soviet expansionism in Southern African." He also discusses the signing of a new Memorandum of Understanding.
December 7, 1981	Letter from Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon to South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan Israeli Defense Minister Ariel Sharon writes to South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan to thank him for his hospitality while Sharon was visiting South Africa. He extends an invitation for Malan to visit Israel and hopes he will be able to sign a Memorandum of Understanding when he next visits South African in March 1982.
September 30, 1981	Letter from South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan to Former Israeli Chief of General Staff Yonah Efrat South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan responds to Yonah Efrat's letter, reiterating that he hopes their relationship will remain strong in the future.
September 1981	Letter from Former Israeli Central Command Head Yonah Efrat to South African Defence Minister Magnus Malan In an undated, handwritten personal letter, Yonah Efrat writes to South African Defence Minsiter Magnus Malan regarding the visit of South African Chief of Staff Viljoen.
August 18, 1981	Letter from South African Foreign Minister R. F. Botha on Relations with the Reagan Administration Letter from South African Foreign Minister "Pik" Botha to South African Member of Parliament J.W.K. Wiley on relations with the United States. He notes that there has been a considerable change in policy since the Reagan administration took over from Carter, summarizing that "the Americans are not at present trying to make trouble for us," although that may change if progress is not made on South West Africa, i.e. Namibia.
June 11, 1981	Letter from US President Reagan to South African Prime Minister P.W. Botha Reagan writes to South African Prime Minister R. F. "Pik" Botha regarding his meetings with the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Information, Pieter W. Botha (no relation). Reagan expresses hope that relations between the two countries will be more cooperative in the future, and states that although the Nambia issue has complicated that relationship, it "can also be an opportunity to help stem the growth of Soviet influence in the region."
May 15, 1981	Notes on Meeting between South African Minister of Foreign Affairs R. F. Botha and US President Reagan South African Minister of Foreign Affairs "Pik" Botha and President Reagan meet in Washington, DC. South African Ambassador Sole, the note taker, interprets Reagan's friendly opening comments as "the inference clearly being that he had no illusions about democratic rule in Africa." They discuss the situation in Namibia and Angola, and their shared opposition to Soviet and communist influence in the region. Botha also asks Reagan to help South Africa's souring relations with France regarding nuclear cooperation. Botha states that "South Africa was not preparing or intending to explode a nuclear device, but[...] could not afford publicly to surrender this option."
May 8, 1981	Telegram from South African Ministry of Foreign Affairs on Announcement by F.W. de Klerk, Minister of Mineral and Energy Affairs, that SAFARI I Reactor South African Ministry of Foreign Affairs informs its missions in Washington, Paris, London, Bonn about an announcement by F.W. De Klerk, Minister of Mineral and Energy Affairs, that under terms agree with the United States and the IAEA, SAFARI I will be operated on locally manufactured fuel.
March 22, 1981	Letter from Yonah Efrat to Margot and Magnus Malan, South African Minister of Defence Israeli General Yonah Efrat replies with a short note to Margot and Magnus Malan's personal letter.