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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Interkit, 1966-1987

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912- 1994

North Korea-China friendship celebrated at the DPRK mass games

China-North Korea Relations

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Rakhmanin, O. B.

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Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Documents

February 7, 1972	Lecture by Soviet Ambassador Tolstikov for Friendly Diplomats on Forthcoming Nixon Visit In his presentation to the chiefs of the Warsaw Pact states' diplomatic representations in February 1972, Soviet Ambassador Tolstikov analyzes Chinese-US relations over the previous 25 years and assesses the political and economic prospects for a Sino-American rapprochement in the light of US President Richard Nixon's imminent visit to Beijing.
August 2, 1971	Record of the Meeting Between Leonid Brezhnev and East European Party Leaders in the Crimea (Including Discussion on China) This record of the Crimean meeting between General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev of the Soviet Communist Party and East European party leaders addresses Soviet domestic and foreign policies. Also discussed is China's anti-Soviet attitude. Brezhnev mentions the negative reactions of Korea and Vietnam to US President Richard Nixon's planned visit to China. The participants at the meeting are in favor of intensifying relations with Japan. Further discussions focus on the possibility of China joining the UN. All participants at the meeting criticize Nicolae Ceauşescu's visit to China as damaging the interests of the Warsaw Pact. Romania is said to support China's politics towards Albania and Yugoslavia.
August 30, 1978	Evaluation by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union of the Normalization of US-Chinese Relations In this evaluation of Chinese-US rapprochement, elaborated by the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), Moscow states that Beijing is going to great lengths to demonstrate its willingness to cooperate closely with Washington, including through the creation of a global strategic alliance between China and the US against the Soviet Union and the entire Socialist community. Moscow urges its Eastern European allies to make use of all political and ideological means available to fight against the creation of a unified front between China and the US.
July 9, 1973	Report by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union on China's Policy toward Western Europe and Opposition against the CSCE This document contains information prepared by the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) on China's European policy and Chinese opposition to the convocation of a Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE). It states that China's overall goals are diametrically opposed to those of the European Socialist countries and their Communist parties, with Beijing identifying the Soviet Union as its primary enemy. In this light, the Soviet leadership maintains that actively confronting China in ideological and political terms remains one of the most important tasks of the Warsaw Pact countries.
April 8, 1963	The Influence of the Chinese Communist Party on the Policy of the Korean Workers Party An East German diplomat analyzes the behavior of the Korean Workers' Party in 1962 and 1963, and concludes that the Chinese Communist Party has a great influence on North Korea because of the traditional relationship and Korea and China.
May 16, 1963	Comment on the Internal Korean Workers Party Brochure, 'The Revolutionary Traditions of our Party Established during the Period of the Armed Anti-Japanese Struggle' An East German report on the development of Kim Il Sung's cult of personality and the portrayal of the anti-Japanese guerrilla struggle in North Korea.
June 20, 1963	Information About the Policy of the Korean Workers Party from the East German Embassy Criticisms of the DPRK are made about Kim Il Sung's personality cult, concealment of socialist countries' support, waning cooperation with socialist countries, intensification of China-North Korea cooperation, and distancing from the Soviet Union.
November 8, 1963	Conversation with Comrades Pimenov, Witek and Shicha on 27 October 1963 The Council of UDSSR Embassy Pimenov and the First Secretaries of the Polish and Czech Embassy discussed the problematic economic cooperation between North Korea and socialist countries, accusing North Korea of exploiting the help offered.
September 1960	The Short Version of the Negotiations Between CPSU and CCP Delegations (September 1960)
October 6, 1969	Notes from a Conversation between Comrade Rakhmanin and Comrade Bruno Mahlow on Chinese Leadership and the Situation in China Rakhmanin discusses the topics addressed by Zhou Enlai and Comrade Kosygin in a recent meeting. He highlights such topics of conversation as Chinese/Soviet border lines, propaganda issues, Chinese domestic disturbances and foreign policies issues.