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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

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Uyghur man in Xinjiang

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Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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Eastern Europe

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China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

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Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

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Stalin, Joseph

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Mao, Zedong

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“Local Nationalism" in Xinjiang, 1957-1958

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Beria, Lavrenty P.

1899- 1953

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Yegnarov, Vladimir Stepanovich

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Batur, Osman

1890- 1951

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China

Manchuria

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

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Tibet

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1990	Internal Soviet Guide for Planned Sino-Soviet Border Security Negotiations in 1990 This internal document discusses plans for Sino-Soviet negotiations beginning in September of 1990, detailing regions to be discussed, military information which can be shared going forward, and ideas to be presented to Chinese counterparts.
January 12, 1947	Record of a Conversation between Soviet Ambassador in China A. A. Petrov and General Zhang Zhizhong on 7 January 1947 Petrov and Zhang discuss Xinjiang-Soviet trade and the overall state of Sino-Soviet relations.
August 1949	Karsky to Cde. Miklashevsky Moscow will assist Deng Liqun, a member of the Chinese Communist Party, with establishing radio contact after arriving in the East Turkestan Republic.
August 1949	Liu Shaoqi to Cde. G.M. Malenkov Liu Shaoqi informs Malenkov that Deng Liqun will lead a team to the East Turkestan Republic and establish radio communication with Moscow and later with Peng Dehuai.
October 5, 1945	L. Beria to Cde. V.M. Molotov Beria writes that Osman Batur does not intend to recognize the East Turkestan Republic. Instead, Osman will create an independent state in Altai, in part due to the support of Choibalsan.
October 12, 1949	Ciphered Telegram No. 58986 from Kovalev to Filippov [Stalin] Mao requests assistance with shipments of fuel, troops, and aircraft to Urumchi.
October 14, 1949	Ciphered Telegram No. 4159 from Filipov [Stalin] to Kovalev Stalin agrees to send one division from Lanzhou to Urumchi and to ship aviation fuel to Urumchi and Hami.
August 18, 1958	M. Zimianin to the Department of the Central Committee of the CPSU and to Comrade Iu. V. Andropov E. I. Shalunov meets with the Chief of the Education Department of the People’s Committee of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Comrade Zakirov, to discuss criticisms against other local leaders in XUAR and recent Party meetings.
March 3, 1958	M. Zimianin to the Central Committee of the CPSU and to Comrade Iu. V. Andropov, 'On Manifestations of Local Nationalism in Xinjiang (PRC)' During party meetings in Xinjiang, some individuals advocated for the creation of an independent Uyghur republic.
January 22, 1958	Memorandum on a Discussion with Wang Huangzhang, Head of the Foreign Affairs Office of the Prefectural People's Committee Wang Huangzhang reports on "local nationalism" in Xinjiang and poor agricultural conditions in the region.