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South Asia

Afghanistan

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

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Middle East

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Ustinov, Dimitri F.

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Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Amīn, Ḥafīẓ Allāh

1929- 1979

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Soviet Foreign Policy

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Mitrokhin Archive

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January 29, 1980	Decree of the Secretariat of the CC CPSUm Granting Technical Assistance to the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in the Construction of a 1000 kWt Medium-Wave Radio Broadcasting Station CC CPSU decree, approving aid necessary to build a radio station in the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. The USSR Ministry of Communication provided technical assistance to install the communication system.
April 2004	KGB Active Measures in Southwest Asia in 1980-82 Materials provided by former KGB archivist Vasili Mitrokhin to CWIHP, following the publication of the Working Paper No. 40, "The KGB in Afghanistan." As with all Mitrokhin’s notes, his compilation on Soviet “active measures” in South and Southwest Asia is based on other smuggled-out notes and was prepared especially for CWIHP. Please read the Notes on Sources for information on the nature and limitations of these documents.
August 11, 1979	Conversation of the chief of the Soviet military advisory group in Afghanistan, Lt. Gen. Gorelov, with H. Amin Conversation of the chief of the Soviet military advisory group in Afghanistan, Lt. Gen. Gorelov, with H. Amin in which Amin again asks for Soviet troops to help boost the morale of the people of Afghanistan
December 31, 1979	Report on the Situation in Afghanistan, Gromyko, Andropov, Ustinov, and Ponomarev to CPSU CC, 27-28 December 1979 Andropov Gromyko Ustinov Ponomarev Report on Events in Afghanistan on 27-28 December 1979 regarding the crisis in Afghanistan and the overthrow of Amin’s oppressive regime with the help of Soviet troops
March 21, 1990	Letter from Deputy Minister of Defense of the USSR, M. Moiseyev to L.H. Zaikov, 21 March 1990. The letter concerns Afghanistan and arms sales.
April 1, 1979	Memo on Protocol #149 of the Politburo, "Our future policy in connection with the situation in Afghanistan" The following CPSU Central Committee document, dated 1 April 1979 and signed by Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, Defense Minister Dmitrii Ustinov, KGB chief Yurii Andropov, and CC International Department head Boris Ponomarev, provides a strikingly candid assessment of the deteriorating situation in Afghanistan that the Soviet Politburo confronted in spring 1979. The report attributes the increasing success of the Islamic opposition (i.e., the Afghan Mujaheddin) to the “miscalculations and mistakes” of the PDPA (People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan) regime that seized power following the April 1978 “revolution.”
August 5, 1989	CPSU CC Memo with excerpt of Politburo Protocol #164, 5 August 1989 On the provision of additional war supplies to Afghanistan.
December 27, 1979	CPSU CC Memo with attachments, 27 December 1979, on Politburo Protocol #177 The memo concerns Soviet steps on ties with the development of the situation around Afghanistan.
June 13, 1979	Notes from a Conversation with the General Secretary of the Central Committee [CC] of the NDPA [National Democratic Party of Afghanistan], Chairman of the Revolutionary Council of the DRA [Democratic Republic of Afghanistan] - N. M. Taraki Memo from a conversation between the USSR Minister of Education - V. P. Eliutin- and N. M. Taraki detailing the results of the educational exchange established between Afghanistan and the USSR, and outlining new possibilities for sending Afghani university students to study in the USSR. The meeting has taken place on May 30, 1979.
December 27, 1979	Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union Announcement, Attachment to CPSU Politburo Protocol #177 The USSR and Afghanistan formed a permanent relationship to combat counter-revolutionaries who attempt to undo the April Revolution. This relationship began with the Treaty of Friendship in 1978.