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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Sino-Soviet Relations

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Puzanov, A. M.

-

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Photograph of Azadi Tower

Middle East

Iran

Iran-Soviet Relations

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890- 1986

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

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Documents

1968	Memo to the Soviet Ambassador to India: Appeal to the Leadership of the Indian Communist Party on the Question of the NPT In this memo, the Soviet Ambassador to India is urged to meet with the leadership of the Indian Communist Party (Rao and Dange) and inform them, in light of the 22nd UN General Assembly session discussing the NPT, of the Soviet stance on the Treaty. The ambassador is instructed to emphasize the importance of nuclear non-proliferation for international geopolitical reasons, including preventing West Germany and China from acquiring nuclear weapons, as well as increasing domestic prosperity by using the atom for peaceful means. The ambassador is told to emphasize efforts of the USSR to prepare the draft treaty in collaboration with non-nuclear countries, as well as security guarantees in place for non-nuclear countries so that the Indian government greets the Treaty with understanding.
April 1968	Appeal to Pope Paul VI on the Question of the Nuclear Weapons Non-Proliferation Treaty This document contains instructions to the Soviet ambassador to meet with the Deputy Secretary of State of the Vatican and notify him of confidential information that needs to be brought to Pope Paul VI. In light of mutual understanding between the Vatican and the USSR on the importance of nuclear disarmament, the ambassador is requested to ask the Pope to utilize any diplomatic means at his disposal to help bring about the quickest possible conclusion to the NPT negotiations.
April 29, 1968	CPSU CC Decree, 'On Appealing to Pope Paul VI about the Issue of the NPT' This document relates to the following appeal to Pope Paul VI on the issue of nuclear non-proliferation.
March 22, 1968	Andrei Gromyko, Note to the CPSU CC Andrei Gromyko describes the diplomatic measures he deems necessary to ensure the adherence of influential nations and countries in the Socialist sphere to the NPT. Valuing negotiation and diplomatic conversations between representatives, Gromyko especially seeks to obtain the support of countries who have previously expressed reservations about the treaty.
March 1968	Instructions to Soviet Ambassadors in Socialist States Talking points for Soviet ambassadors to Socialist states to use in conversation with Minister of Foreign Affairs. The ambassadors are told to relay the message that adherence to the NPT is beneficial for all Socialist nations and their allies.
March 1968	Instructions to the Soviet representatives being sent to several countries for conversations on the draft nuclear non-proliferation treaty Soviet representatives being sent to Italy, Japan, Mexico, Brazil, and Italy, are instructed to visit the head of state or the minister of foreign affairs and relay the oral declarations contained in this document. The country-specific oral declarations reinforce the Soviet position against the use of nuclear technology for militaristic objectives and object to proposed measures that would undermine the efficacy of the NPT.
March 1968	Telegram, 'To the Soviet Representative' Sent to the Soviet representative to the General Assembly of the United Nations, this document lists the nations to which the representative must pay the most attention at the UN meeting. The document also underlines how the Soviet representative should speak with members of the American delegation in reference to any diplomatic collaboration on the NPT.
March 1968	Memo to Soviet Ambassadors to Notify Heads of State and Ministers of Foreign Affairs on Soviet Views regarding the NPT and Various Proposed Amendments Document is notifying Soviet ambassadors to visit respective heads of state and Ministers of Foreign Affairs and inform them of the Soviet position on the draft treaty of the NPT given that the 18-Nation Committee on Disarmament recently finished its deliberations on the Treaty and submitted it to the UNGA.
March 1968	CPSU CC Decree, 'Concerning Our Steps in Providing Support for the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons' The CPSU CC outlines their next steps in promoting the NPT. Focusing on generating a positive domestic and international sentiment towards the treaty, the MFA and official Soviet media mouthpieces are tasked with promoting and explaining the NPT.
1968	'Agreement Between the Government of [Nation] and the International Atomic Energy Agency about the Application of Safeguards in Accordance with the NPT' This agreement details the responsibilities of governments party to the NPT and the IAEA in accordance with the Treaty, including transparent and prompt notifications to the IAEA about any nuclear materials, facilities, and transfers of nuclear materials within a state's territory. Transparency about nuclear materials is reciprocal, with the NPT obligating the IAEA to send an inventory list to the governments every 12 months or upon request. Additionally, this document details safeguard procedures, including IAEA inspections (and the responsibility of governments to provide inspectors with the necessary visas). This document also states that the present agreement will be in force indefinitely, and a state can cease to abide by its terms if it ceases to be a participant in the NPT per Article X on the right of states to withdraw.