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Southeast Asia

Cambodia

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

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Southeast Asia

Laos

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Photo of the Geneva Conference of 1954

Geneva Conference of 1954

Photograph of Prince Nordom Sihanouk

Norodom Sihanouk, Prince

1922- 2012

China-Southeast Asia Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Conversations with Zhou Enlai

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Southeast Asia

Thailand

Indochinese War

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Photograph of a US POW during the Vietnam War.

Vietnam War

John F. Kennedy with Prime Minister of Laos, Prince Souvanna Phouma

Laos Crisis, 1960-1963

Portrait of DRV leader Pham Van Dong, 1972.

Phạm, Văn Đồng (Pham Van Dong)

1906- 2000

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Eden, Anthony, Earl of Avon

1897- 1977

PRC Vice Premier Chen Yi

Chen, Yi

1901- 1972

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May 9, 1954	Cable from Zhou Enlai, 'Regarding the Situation of the First Plenary Session' Zhou Enlai recaps the Indochina discussion that took place at the Geneva conference. Participants discussed a ceasefire, and supervision by an international committee. Enlai notes that his suggestion to invite the resistance governments in Laos and Cambodia to attend the conference produced debate.
July 20, 1954	Minutes of Conversation between Zhou Enlai and Cambodian Foreign Minister Tep Phan (Summary) Zhou Enlai and Tep Phan discuss the Vietnamese proposal for conflict resolution. The Cambodian side discusses issues on which they agree with the Vietnamese (that the Vietnamese will not be discriminated against in Cambodia, that there will be no combatant personnel in Cambodia, etc.) and issues on which they disagree (military issues, Viet Minh withdrawal timetable, etc.). Zhou expresses hope that these issues will be resolved in an upcoming meeting with the Vietnamese, and that he will do what he can to assist in the resolution.
July 10, 1954	Telegram, Li Kenong to Mao Zedong and Others, Regarding the Situation at the Twenty-Second Restricted Session Li reports on the 22nd restricted session on Indochina. During the meeting, the American and Cambodian delegates state the necessity for defensive weapons in Cambodia and Laos. Li states that the issue of weapons should only be discussed based on certain principles: self-defense only, prohibition of foreign bases, and the countries’ relationship with France. After the Vietnamese and French delegates spoke, the Cambodian delegate made clear Cambodia’s intentions regarding weapons and defense.
May 19, 1954	Telegram, Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and Others, Regarding the Second Restricted Session Zhou Enlai reports to the CCP on the second restricted session on Indochina and propaganda efforts of the Chinese and Russians. During the Indochina session, the US, France, and Britain disagreed with China, Russia, and the DRV on whether or not the Laos and Cambodia issues should be discussed separately from the Vietnam issues.
May 20, 1954	Telegram, Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and Others, Regarding the Situation at the Third Restricted Session Zhou Enlai reports on the continued session on Indochina. Again, the participants are divided in their opinions and nothing is achieved. All agree to continue the discussion another day. Also, Zhou prepares to take the lead in the session on Korea.
June 11, 1954	Telegram, Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and Others, Regarding the Seventh Plenary Session Zhou reports to the CCP on the opening session of the Geneva Conference on Indochina. During this session, Pham Van Dong presents his five-point proposal, and Molotov rebuts arguments made by the US.
June 15, 1954	Minutes of Conversation between Zhang Wentian and Harold Caccia In this meeting, Caccia explains to Zhang that Britain firmly supports the withdrawal of all Viet Minh troops from Laos and Cambodia.
June 18, 1954	Telegram from Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and Liu Shaoqi and the Central Committee on His Conversation with Georges Bidault Zhou reports on his meeting with Bidault. Bidault expresses his desire to see the conference continue, and says there is still a week until Eden and Smith leave to reach some agreement. Zhou also speaks of the Cambodia and Laos issues.
June 28, 1954	Record of the First Meeting between Premier Zhou and Prime Minister U Nu Zhou Enlai and U Nu first talked about the decision made on the Geneva Conference regarding the armistice in the Korean Peninsula and the role of the US in it. Then they talked about the elements that complicated the Sino-Burmese relations and the need for building mutual trust and signing a non-political agreement. They also discussed the principles they would have in a joint statement before the signing of this potential agreement.
June 22, 1954	Telegram, Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and Others, Regarding Talks with Eden Zhou reports on a meeting with Eden. In this meeting the two discuss the proposals on Laos and Cambodia. They also agree that the foreign ministers return to the conference regularly to see that their military representatives are productive.