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Archive of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (AVP RF) Sino-Soviet Relations Clear All

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Roshchin, Nikolai V.

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Soviet Union. Embassy (China)

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Conversations with Mao Zedong

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Yudin, Pavel F.

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Chinese troops cross the Yalu River, 1950, to fight in the Korean War.

China and the Korean War

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Taj Mahal Shrine in Agra, India.

South Asia

India

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

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January 1, 1950	Memorandum, Conversation of Mao and USSR Ambassador to China N.V. Roshchin on 1 January 1950 Mao Zedong informs Roshchin that India and Burma had expressed interest in establishing diplomatic relations with China, and that the UK may follow suit. The Chinese position, Mao said, is to agree to negotiations if these governments renounced their ties with the Guomindang. Mao and Roshchin also discussed the military situation and the question of Japanese POWs. Mao did not the POWs right away because the Chinese legal system was not developed enough. He also informed Roshchin of his intention to curtain stay in the USSR.
February 1, 1950	Letter to Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky informs Stalin of Zhou Enlai's suggested amendments to Sino-Soviet agreements and mutual aid.
February 2, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum from Andrey Vyshinsky to Joseph Stalin In a message to Stalin, Vyshinsky describes Soviet negotiations with Zhou Enlai on the Sino-Soviet agreement on alliance and mutual aid.
February 3, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum to Comrade Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky reports to Stalin on the continuing negotiations of the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance, and Mutual Assistance. References are made toward the Feb 2, 1950, a meeting between Russia and Sino officials; and the amendment/modifications made towards preserving relations between the two nations. Placement of Chinese troops in Soviet territory.
February 10, 1950	Memorandum to Vyshinsky from Soviet Ambassador to China Nikolai Roshchin Following their meeting on 10 February, Soviet Ambassador to China Roshchin reports to Vyshinsky with a list of outstanding questions that Zhou Enlai intends to discuss the next day. These matters include determining how many Soviet technical specialists will be sent to China; settling on the specialists' pay during their time abroad; arranging for a signing ceremony; and other related issues. The letter also references Mao Zedong's scheduled visit to the Soviet Union from 13-16 February, during which he and his delegation intend to visit a collective farm and attend a ballet at the Bolshoi Theater.
February 12, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum to Comrade Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky reports to Stalin on his talks with Zhou Enlai held the previous day. Discussion focused on a number of affairs, including minor Chinese amendments to Molotov's draft of the Sino-Soviet agreement; the prospect of negotiating a bilateral agreement on trade and technical exchange; outstanding issues regarding Soviet specialists in China; settling a date on which to sign the agreement; and other matters.
February 12, 1950	From the Journal of Ambassador Roshchin: Top Secret Memorandum of Conversation of the Ambassador of the USSR in China N.V. Roshchin with Zhou Enlai Roshchin, Soviet Ambassador to China, reports on his conversation with Zhou Enlai regarding the territory of Xinjiang; plans to draft an agreement on the transfer of Manchuria from the Soviet Union to the People's Republic of China; and settling the issue of payment for Soviet specialists in China. Zhou Enlai has also asked Roshchin to inform his Soviet counterparts that 14 February would be the most convenient date to sign the Sino-Soviet agreements, as that will allow the media sufficient time to report on the treaty prior to the Chinese new year celebrations beginning on 16 February.
February 13, 1950	From the Journal of Vyshinsky: Top Secret Memorandum of Conversation with Chinese Prime Minister Zhou Enlai Vyshinsky reports to Stalin that Zhou Enlai wishes to publish the completed Sino-Soviet agreements. Doing so, Zhou believes, will legitimate the Soviet Union and the People's Republic of China in the eyes of the world, particularly the democratic countries. However, because an agreement on publication had not previously been made, Vyshinsky tells Zhou that this is not yet possible. Vyshinsky informs Zhou that he will consult the Soviet government on this matter and report back without delay.
February 17, 1950	Top Secret Memorandum to Comrade Joseph V. Stalin from Andrey Vyshinsky Vyshinsky reports to Stalin that Zhou Enlai, having considered the proposed draft of the Sino-Soviet trade agreement, has no objections. However, there remain some discrepancies between the Soviet and Chinese drafts. Vyshinsky describes these inconsistencies in detail and recounts his subsequent negotiations with Zhou.
February 1950	Sino-Soviet Agreement Protocol New Ties regarding the signatures on February 1950 between China and the Soviet Union, on the accordance of the Soviet Union credit with China. Both governments came to an agreement.