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Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

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North Korea August 1956 Plenum Incident

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North Korea's First Five-Year Plan, 1957-1961

Portrait of North Korean leader Kim Il Sung

Conversations with Kim Il Sung

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Soviet Union. Embassy (Korea : North)

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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Korean Workers' Party Congresses

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Puzanov, A. M.

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Pak, Chang-ok

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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet Union-North Korea Relations

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Korean Worker's Party Central Committee (KWP CC)

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Anastas Mikoyan in 1959

Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich

1895- 1978

Gyeongbokgung

East Asia

South Korea

Press Briefing by Permanent Observer of Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the UN, 7 July 1976.

Inter-Korean Relations

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Eastern Europe

Yugoslavia

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Eastern Europe

Albania

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September 15, 1956	Decision of the KWP CC Plenum, 30-31 August 1956, 'The Results of the Work of the Government Delegation which Visited Fraternal Countries, and Some Pressing Tasks of Our Party' The resolution discusses economic growth in North Korea and the promises of fraternal aid, while warning of the dangers of factionalism to the preservation of Marxism-Leninism.
December 29, 1955	Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK V. I. Ivanov for 29 December 1955 Nam Il reports to Ivanov the proceedings of the most recent KWP CC Presidium. Several Soviet Korean party members, active in the literature and propaganda fields, presented their self-criticisms at the meeting.
December 15, 1955	Record of a Conversation between Soviet Embassy Counselor Petrov and former Editor of the Journal 'Novaya Koreya' Song Jin-hwa Song Jin-hwa informs Petrov that he has officially been expelled from the KWP and has lost his position as editor of the journal “Novaya Koreya” [New Korea]. Song lists several reasons for his expulsion, and asks if as a Soviet citizen, he could be allowed to return to the USSR.
February 25, 1956	Record of a Conversation between Soviet Embassy Counsellor S. Filatov and Pak Yeong-bin Pak says that while he himself has admitted to his mistakes and engaged in self-criticism, Pak Chang-ok continues to deny that he had engaged in factionalist, anti-Party activity. Pak Yeong-bin also describes several factors that may have played a role in the “The Further Strengthening of the Fight Against Reactionary Bourgeois Ideology in Literature” decision made by Kim Il Sung and the Presidium.
February 21, 1956	Record of a Conversation between Soviet Embassy Counsellor S. Filatov and DPRK Vice Premier Pak Ui-wan Pak tells Filatov that he does not fully agree with the KWP CC Presidium decision regarding Pak Chang-ok because the Presidium's failure to cite specific evidence. Pak Ui-wan says that he spoke well of Pak Chang-ok in a recent meeting with Kim Il Sung.
January 24, 1956	Record of a Conversation between Soviet Embassy Counsellor S. Filatov and DPRK Vice Premier Pak Ui-wan, 24 January 1956 Pak reports on the recent KWP CC Presidium decision, “The Further Strengthening of the Fight Against Reactionary Bourgeois Ideology in Literature and Art,” which was directed at the alleged hostile factional activity of Soviet Koreans. Pak says that the persecution of Soviet Koreans is ungrounded, as they do not pose a threat to the Party, and that in fact, favoring members of the local “faction” over members of other backgrounds may undermine the Party’s integrity.
December 7, 1955	Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK V. I. Ivanov for 7 December 1955 Ivanov speaks with Kim Il Sung about the proceedings of the most recent KWP CC plenum. The plenum touched upon plans to improve North Korea’s agriculture sector. Ivanov describes in length Kim’s accusation of Chinese and Soviet Korean party members of undermining the party leadership. Ivanov advises against categorizing party members as Soviet, Chinese, or local.
December 6, 1955	Journal of Soviet Ambassador to the DPRK V. I. Ivanov for 6 December 1955 Nam Il tells Ivanov that Kim Il Sung is actively working to settle the issue of citizenship among Soviet Koreans in the party. Kim acknowledges that granting them citizenship could help ease relations between them and local Koreans. Nam insists that Kim does not believe that the Soviet Koreans are ill-intentioned.
September 19, 1956	Record of a Meeting between the Soviet and Chinese Delegations Mao Zedong reveals that several Korean Workers' Party members have been placed under arrest, including Pak Il-u, who is looked favorably upon by the CCP. Sino-North Korean relations have become strained as a result of Kim Il Sung's handling of the August Plenun Incident. Mao admits to Mikoyan that the Korean Workers' Party leadership may not heed their advice, but they decide to send a joint delegation to Pyongyang the next morning.
September 21, 1956	Telegram from A. Mikoyan to the CPSU Central Committee A meeting with Kim Il Sung reveals the main goals of the Sino-Soviet delegation: to convince the Korean Workers' Party to move away from policies of repression and to repeal the order to expel the group of accused party officials. Kim agrees on repealing the expulsion order, but not for those who fled to China. Mikoyan asks that Sino-Soviet delegation be allowed to sit in on the presidium meeting the next day.