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Middle East

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Egyptian Pyramids

Northern Africa

Egypt

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South Asia

Afghanistan

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923-

Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

1937- 2006

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Soviet Foreign Policy

Photograph of Gamal Abdel Nasser

Nasser, Gamal Abdel

1918- 1970

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December 1978	Report to the German Democratic Republic on Discussions with Saddam Hussein In this report, the Soviet Union informs the East German government that during their talks with the Iraqi delegation, led by Saddam Hussein, the Soviets stated that the Arab states must first end the policy of separate deals in order to resolve many Middle East problems. The Soviet Union addressed the need to stop imperialistic and anti-Arab policies in the Middle East.
February 24, 1972	Report on the Visit of Saddam Hussein to the USSR During the visit of Saddam Hussein to the Soviet Union, the delegation discussed with Soviet leaders the need for strengthening Iraqi-Soviet relations to give positive guidance on the situation in the Middle East. The Iraqi delegation also promoted their intention to develop relations with other Arab states in order to decrease the effects of imperialism. Topics of discussion also included Iraqi oil policy and domestic conflict.
March 14, 1974	Report on the Visit of Saddam Hussein to Moscow In a meeting initiated by Saddam Hussein with Leonid Brezhnev, Alexei Kosygin, Andrei Gromyko, and Boris Ponomarev, the Iraqi leader discussed relations with the Soviet state, United States involvement in the Middle East, border conflict, and the development of the Iraqi economy.
October 27, 1981	Report on the Results of the Visit to the USSR by the Palestine Liberation Organization Delegation The meeting between the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) and the Soviet Union addresses the United States imposition of imperialistic policy in the Middle East. PLO head Yasser Arafat believes that the United States, Israeli, and Western European agreements at Camp David will negatively impact Palestinians and other Arab states and must be overturned. The Soviet Union responds by restating the need for unity in the Middle East.
November 20, 1979	Report on the Visit to the Soviet Union by the Palestine Liberation Organization Delegation Report on the meeting between Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) delegation and the Soviet Union on the situation in the Middle East. The Soviet Union emphasizes their position on anti-imperialist action in Arab lands and on strengthening the relationship between Arab states.
January 13, 1959	Soviet Report, 'The Ideological Aggression of American Imperialism in the Orient' This report emphasizes American propaganda in the Middle East, such as promoting democracy and American way of life, as well as its anti-Soviet propaganda. The report also extensively lists the Americans' participation in the region such as how much money and resources were devoted there, including from private institutions.
June 4, 1973	Minutes of Conversation between the Shah and Nicolae Ceaușescu, Bucharest Describes conversation between Nicolae Ceausescu and the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi about the influence of events in the Middle East on the rest of Europe because of oil. The Shah suggests detente as a world policy.
September 3, 1969	Minutes of Conversation between the Shah and Nicolae Ceaușescu, Teheran The Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi spoke with Nicolae Ceaușescu regarding President Nixon's speech in which he talks about disengaging the US from issues that do not concern the US, but also not abandoning allies. The Shah recalled that he told President Nixon long ago to withdraw from Vietnam. The Arab-Israeli conflict was also discussed.
June 14, 1967	Minutes of Conversation between Nicolae Ceaușescu and Ambassador S.V.H. Sanandaji on the Six-Day War, Bucharest Nicolae Ceaușescu received Iranian Ambassador to Romania, Soltan Hossein Vakili Sanandaji, and they discussed developments in the Near East, specifically the ongoing conflict between Israel and Arab states. Ceaușescu suggested to the Ambassador that Iran should use its influence in the area to encourage other Arab states to seek a peaceful and realistic resolution to the conflict.
October 3, 1983	Ministry of State Security (Stasi), 'Notes on Statements made by Comrade Colonel General Kryuchkov' These notes describe statements made by Colonel General Kryuchkov which outline the current state of Soviet institutions and intelligence networks in various regions, including Western Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and the United States.