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South Asia

Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Middle East

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Sino-Soviet Relations

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Pakistani Nuclear History

Soviet Foreign Policy

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947- 1996

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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Documents

January 8, 1974	DECREE of the Secretariat of the CC CPSU - An Appeal to the Leaders of the PDPA Groups 'Parcham' and 'Khalq' This document illustrates Moscow's fear regarding the instability and infighting among Afghan political parties, and its corresponding consequences for Soviet involvement in the Middle East.
November 15, 1978	Decree of the CC CPSU Secretariat Concerning an appeal to the Czechoslovak Communist Party about K. Babrak The Soviets condemn subversive activity against the PDPA, the primary Afghan and pro-Soviet political party. Such actions, according to the Soviet leadership, cause significant instability and political unrest in the region.
November 9, 1978	CC CPSU Concerning the appeal to the Czechoslovak Communist Party about K. Babrak This document discusses how the former to Ambassador the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in Prague, Karmal Babrak, seeks asylum in Czechoslovakia so that he can stay abroad and continue criticizing the PDPA. In response to such activity, the CC CPC proposes to talk to Babrak about the need to end his subversive criticisms.
June 29, 1979	Excerpt from Minutes Nº 156 of the CC CPSU Politburo meeting This document discusses the situations in Kabul with the CC CPSU and the CC PDPA.
February 16, 1980	Ciphered Telegram, Embassy of Hungary in India to the Hungarian Foreign Ministry A report from the Hungarian Embassy in India explaining that in the view of the Indian government, the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan threatens regional stability as it could invite American and/or Chinese intervention.
September 1, 1981	A Report by Soviet Military Intelligence Soviet Military Intelligence assess the equipment provided to Afghan counterrevolutionaries by the US, Britian, Egypt, and Pakistan.
July 21, 1988	Ciphered Telegram No. 181, Embassy of Hungary in India to the Hungarian Foreign Ministry Short report on a visit to Moscow by Indian President Venkataraman. He asked for more military support from the Soviet Union to counterbalance Pakistan's nuclear weapons program. There were disagreements about the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
June 28, 1979	Report on the Situation in Afghanistan, Gromyko, Andropov, Ustinov, and Ponomarev to CPSU CC The CC CPSU points to the economic 'backwardness,' small middle class, and the weakness of the PDPA as the reasons behind political instability in Afghanistan. Increasing internal support of the PDPA and strengthening the Afghan military are proposed solutions achieve stability.
June 23, 1980	Minutes of the Meeting of the CPSU CC Plenum on the situation in Afghanistan, 23 June 1980 CPSU CC Plenum meeting (excerpt) concerning the deterioration in relations with the US and NATO countries. Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko describes the altruistic nature of Soviet intentions in aiding Afghanistan.
1999	Dossiers of rebel field commanders A Soviet analysis of counterrevolutionary commanders in Afghanistan.