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South Asia

Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

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South Asia

Pakistan

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Pakistani Nuclear History

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

The Taj Mahal Shrine in Agra, India.

South Asia

India

Official portrait for President Jimmy Carter, 1978.

Carter, Jimmy

1924-

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Soviet Union and the Olympics

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Documents

1980	Soviet briefing on the need to counter-balance Yugoslav endeavors concerning the Afghan question in the non-aligned countries This document provides an assessment of Yugoslavia’s policy regarding non-aligned countries. The Soviet Union analyses how to counter-balance the non-alignment movement with its foreign policy. The topic of non-interference in internal political matters, and the opinion of Ghana, Kuwait, and India regarding Soviet involvement in Afghanistan are discussed.
June 23, 1980	Minutes of the Meeting of the CPSU CC Plenum on the situation in Afghanistan, 23 June 1980 CPSU CC Plenum meeting (excerpt) concerning the deterioration in relations with the US and NATO countries. Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko describes the altruistic nature of Soviet intentions in aiding Afghanistan.
February 19, 1980	Assisting the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in Strengthening the Mass Media A plan to build a pro-Soviet, anti-counterevolutionary media campagin, in Afghanistan. The plan includes an intenship program for the "Bakhtar" Afghan News Agency in Moscow.
December 29, 1979	Excerpt from the Minutes of the CC CPSU Politburo Meeting, 'Reply to an appeal of President Carter about the issue of Afghanistan through the direct communications channel' Soviet letter to US President Jimmy Carter responding to the US position on the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. The CC CPSU Politburo informs the White House that the Soviet leadership desires to maintain detente with the US and that the intervention of Soviet troops was done at the request of the Afgan leadership, under Article 51 of the UN charter.
April 4, 1955	Report from the Chinese Foreign Ministry, 'Draft Plan for Attending the Asian-African Conference' The participants in the Asian-African Conference had the common interest in pursuing international peace and national economic and cultural development. China should take the advantage of this Conference to promote national independence movement and to establish stronger relations with Asian and African countries. According to this goal, the plan listed the common issues that all participants faced, the issues that existed between China and other countries, and the issues that China alone was facing. It also spelled out the relations of China and different groups of counties in the Conference, as well as the logistic issues.
June 4, 1981	Transcript of CPSU CC Politburo Meeting (excerpt), 4 June 1981 The Politburo discusses the internal economic situation within the Soviet Union, the situation in Afghanistan (in particular the group "Parcham" and Karmal), relations with the US, and the treatment of Jews in the USSR.
February 1980	Polish Record of Soviet alliance Meeting in Moscow, February 1980 Discusses the growing aggression seen in China and the effects of its closer relationship with the United States.
December 29, 1979	CPSU CC Memo with Excerpt from Protocol #177/220, 29 December 1979 This memo includes the response of Brezhnev to President Carter's address concerning Afghanistan and US-Soviet relations.