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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Cuban Foreign Relations

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

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Bulgaria. Communist Party. Central Committee (BCP CC). Politburo

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Documents

April 27, 1970	Minutes of Conversation between Todor Zhivkov and Aldo Moro, Sofia, 1970 Todor Zhivkov and the Italian Foreign Minister, Aldo Moro, discuss the political and trade relations between People’s Republic of Bulgaria and Italy. They both emphasize the need for securing a long-lasting peace on the continent.
June 24, 1957	Minutes of the Meeting of the CPSU CC Plenum on the State of Soviet Foreign Policy The Soviet leadership discusses the state of Soviet foreign policy after the Hungarian crisis and Khrushchev’s visit to the US. Molotov criticizes Khrushchev for recklessness in foreign policy direction. Soviet inroads in the Middle East and the Third World are analyzed. The effects of the crises in Eastern Europe are placed in the context of the struggle against US imperialism.
July 4, 1946	Report from DS Chief in Sliven Region on Disclosed Military Conspiracy A report on the investigation of a political conspiracy, said to be organized by Metodiy Chavdarov, a colonel at the Sliven garrison. The arrested colonel and his accomplices allegedly conspired to overthrow the Fatherland Front government, once the Soviet troops leave the country.
August 22, 1946	Report from DS Chief in Stara Zagora Region on Arrests of Military A memo to the head of the People’s ''Militsiya'' with information on the on-going purges in the Bulgarian military. Purportedly pro-fascist officers have established a broad network of conspirators committed to overthrowing the Fatherland Front government.
February 10, 1949	Proposal for Counter-Intelligence Operation ''Traitor'' Against Yugoslav Agents A proposal for the measures against the Yugoslav agents and their collaborators who, on Tito’s behalf, were allegedly working for the annexation of the Pirin Region by the Yugoslav Federation.
January 21, 1953	VGU Information on Activities of the Swiss, Belgian, Dutch and Swedish Intelligences Services Report on the intelligence activities of some Western governments in Sofia. The report identifies the main areas of interest of the foreign intelligence services, names of some agents and names of collaborators.
March 25, 1955	Information on Turkish Intelligence Interest on the Uranium Mine Buhovo Turkish intelligence agents are trying to gather information on the uranium mining in southwest Bulgaria. They believe that the extracted deposits are shipped to the Soviet Union for further processing and production of nuclear bombs.
August 4, 1983	Report, Embassy of Hungary in North Korea to the Hungarian Foreign Ministry The Bulgarian Embassy in North Korea urges the DPRK to join the Non-Proliferation Treaty. North Korea won't commit, citing presence of US nuclear weapons in South Korea
August 20, 1968	Secret Decree of the Council of Ministers of the PR of Bulgaria for the Participation of Bulgarian Troops in the Warsaw Pact Operation in Czechoslovakia
June 2007	Counter-Intelligence Protection, 1971. Folder 97. The Chekist Anthology. Information on KGB counter-intelligence surveillance of Soviet tourists vacationing in other socialist countries who had contact with foreigners. The document states that Western intelligence services organized “friendship meetings” through tourist firms to meet Soviet citizens, gauge their loyalty to the USSR, and obtain political, economic, and military intelligence. KGB counter-intelligence paid particular attention to Soviet citizens who were absent from their groups, took side trips to different cities or regions, made telephone calls to foreigners, or engaged in “ideologically harmful” conversations in the presence of foreigners. Mirokhin regrets that the KGB underestimated the strengths and methodology of Western intelligence services. He concludes that the KGB should have adopted some of the same methods, and targeted Western tourists visiting socialist countries.