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Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Sino-Soviet Relations

The Yi-ta Incident, 1962

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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Pakistan

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949-

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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Sheng, Shicai

1897- 1970

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Pakistan. Embassy (China)

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Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

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June 1934	Letter of Governor Shicai Sheng to Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov Governor Shicai Sheng expresses his firm belief in Communism, his desire to overthrow the Nanjing Government and construct a Communist state in its place, and the need to establish a Communist Party branch in Xinjiang. Emphasizing his long study of Marxist theory, he requests that Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov allow him to join the Communist Party.
1936	Telegram from Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov to G. Apresov, Consul General in Urumqi Stalin, Molotov, Voroshilov express alarm about Shicai Sheng's red corner and discussions about the possible Sovietization of Xinjiang, reported in an earlier telegram from G. Apresov. They reaffirm that the USSR has no territorial claims on China, denies any plans for the Sovietization of Xinjiang, and declares its firm support for China in its struggle of independence from Japan, Britain, and other imperialist countries.
January 4, 1939	Translation of a Letter from Governor Shicai Sheng to Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov Governor Sheng Shicai expresses gratitude to Cdes. Stalin, Molotov, and Voroshilov for the opportunity to visit Moscow. After reporting critical remarks made by Fang Lin against the Soviet Union and the Communist Party, Sheng Shicai requests that the All-Union Communist Party dispatch a politically experienced person to Urumqi to discuss Party training and asks that the Comintern order the Chinese Communist Party in Xinjiang to liquidate the Party organization.
November 10, 1937	Letter from Governor Sheng Shicai to Cde. V. M. Molotov Sheng Shicai expresses gratitude to Cde. V. M. Molotov for Soviet assistance with eliminating the 36th Division of the NRA from the South of Xinjiang and combating a Trotskyist plot in Xinjiang. He requests Molotov's assistance with "implementing the policy of the six principles" in Xinjiang and turning it into a model province.
October 4, 1936	Letter from Sheng Shicai to Cde. V. M. Molotov Governor Shicai Sheng of Xinjiang praises the Soviet Union and expresses gratitude to Cde. V. M. Molotov for the "moral and material friendly aid" Xinjiang has received from the Soviet Union while expressing regret that he will be unable to accompany Apresov, the Consul General in Urumqi, on his visit to the Soviet Union.
March 20, 1942	Concerning Signing of an Agreement with the Government of Xinjiang about the Operation of the Dushanzi Refinery The Politburo approves the establishment of a mixed Soviet-Xinjiang company to operate the Dushanzi Refinery and outlines the company's management and funding structure.
April 19, 1941	Excerpt on Xinjiang from Minutes of the VKP(b) CC Politburo Meetings The Politburo issued 5.25 million rubles to support the NKO's operations in the Mongolian People's Republic and Xinjiang, the independent NKVD rifle battalion in Xinjiang, and the topographic detachment in Xinjiang until the end of 1941.
March 7, 1941	Work Plan of the Narkomtsvetmet Sin'tszysnolovo Concession for 1941 The Narkomtsvetmet (People's Commissariat of Nonferrous Metallurgy) outlines the work plan for the Sin'tszyanolovo concession in 1941, including exploration work for tin and tungsten in the Bortala River basin and conducting a geological survey and prospecting for mineral deposits in the Altai, Kashgar, Ghulja, and Hotan districts.
March 7, 1941	Concerning the Sin'tszyanolovo Concession in Xinjiang The Soviet Politburo approves the Narkomtsvetmet's 1941 work plan for the Sin'tszyanolovo concession and outlines the tasks related to the concession for which the NKVD, NKO, Civil Air Fleet, Narkomtsvetmet, and the Council of Ministers are respectively responsible.
October 26, 1940	Excerpt on Xinjiang from Minutes No. 21 of the VKP(b) CC Politburo Meetings The Soviet Politburo charges Narkomtsvetmet with concluding a 50 year concession agreement for the right to explore and exploit mineral deposits in Xinjiang and establishes a Directorate of Concessions for Exploration, Prospecting, and Exploitation of the Deposits of Tin in Xinjiang.