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Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Sino-Soviet Relations

The Yi-ta Incident, 1962

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949-

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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Sheng, Shicai

1897- 1970

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Pakistan. Embassy (China)

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Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

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East Asia

Mongolia

Aerial view of National Mall

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Documents

March 14, 1940	Concerning the Secret Cipher Unit of the USSR Consulate in Urumqi The Politburo directs the NKVD to permit the division of the combined secret cipher unit of the USSR Consulate General and Trade Mission in Urumqi into independent secret cipher units.
January 10, 1938	Concerning NKVD Operations in Xinjiang The Politburo orders the NKVD to deploy a reinforced cavalry regiment and an attached RKKA fighter squadron to the area of Hami, allocating additional tanks, automobiles, and gasoline trucks to support their operations. It also provides recommended changes to Shicai Sheng's military policy in Xinjiang.
January 9, 1938	Concerning Troop Movements through Xinjiang The Politburo recommends that Sheng Shicai advise Chiang Kai-shek to permit the regiment currently stationed in Erlizihe to proceed to its designated location.
January 10, 1939	Concerning Soviet Troops in Xinjiang The Politburo transfers Soviet military units deployed in Xinjiang and supervision of the Xinjiang army to the control of the People's Commissariat of Defense.
February 16, 1937	Concerning Soviet Geological Exploration Work in Xinjiang The Politburo orders that the Special Expedition of the NKTP continue its work in the territory of Xinjiang, namely exploring and mining in the Surtassky deposit and the Ili [Yili] District, through 1937.
July 29, 1937	Concerning Soviet Military Operations in Xinjiang The Politburo orders two regiments be sent into Xinjiang to prevent the advance of the 36th Division. It also orders that Ma Zhongying continue to be detained and recommends that the governor of Xinjiang avoid an agreement with Ma Hushan.
April 4, 1937	Concerning a Peace Settlement in Kashgar The Politburo orders both the governor of Kashgar and Cde. Smirnov to appeal to Mamut to resolve his disputes with the Urumqi government peacefully. In the event that Mamut begins conducting military opeartions against the Urumqi government, the Politburo orders Cdes. Frinovsky and Uritsky to prepare a plan of military measures against the Uighur division.
June 14, 1937	Concerning the 36th Division of the NRA's Appeals to the Soviet Government In response to Ma Hushan's (commander of the 36th Division of the NRA) request for Soviet assistance in Xinjiang and the release of Ma Zhongying from the Soviet Union, the Politburo resolves that it will provide assistance only after the leadership of the 36th Division concludes an agreement with the Xinjiang government and establishes peace in the south of Xinjiang.
May 28, 1937	Concerning Song Ziwen's Travel The Politburo recommends that the governor of Xinjiang permit Song Ziwen to travel to Urumqi.
May 17, 1937	Concerning Support for Chinese Troops in Kashgaria The Politburo orders Soviet aircraft, armored cars, and pilots be sent to assist the Chinese command in suppressing the rebels in Kashgaria.