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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

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Eastern Europe

Romania

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Warsaw Pact

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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Kádár, János

1912- 1989

Nicolae Ceausescu, 1974

Ceaușescu, Nicolae

1918- 1989

Soviet Foreign Policy

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Prague Spring, 1968

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Mitrokhin, Vasili

1922- 2004

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February 15, 1972	Report from Etre Sándor, 'Foreign visits of the DPRK’s governmental delegations. Visit of Comrade Pak Seong-cheol to Hungary' A report by Etre Sandor providing details about five North Korean governmental delegations to Africa and Middle East and the visit of Pak Seong-cheol to Hungary.
February 17, 1966	Transcript of Discussions on the Occasion of the Reception by Comrade Nicolae Ceausescu of the S. R. Czechoslovak Ambassador in Bucharest, Cestmir Cisar This transcript of the conversation between Nicolae Ceausescu and Cestmir Cisar, the Czechoslovakian ambassador to Bucharest, includes confirmation that Romania will continue to support the cause of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, and the agreement between Nicolae Ceausescu and Cestmir Cisar that the Polish initiative of joint Warsaw Pact and Chinese action in Vietnam was misguided.
April 25, 1981	Minutes of Meeting between Czechoslovak and Hungarian Interior Ministry Officials on the Carlos Terrorist Group and Radio Free Europe Bomb Attack A bomb exploded outside the RFE building in Munich on February 21, 1981, severely injuring several employees and causing major physical damage. This document, and others like it, indicates that the Ceausescu regime commissioned the “Carlos group” to carry out the attack. The Carlos group was then resident in Budapest, and this document indicates that the Hungarian Interior Ministry had advance knowledge of the bombing.
March 10, 1961	Letter from M. Pervukhin to V.V. Kuznetsov about the GDR disapproving of Czechoslovakia and Romania developing relations with West Berlin Ambassador Pervukhin reports that the GDR disapproves of Czechoslovakia and Romania's attempts to establish ties with West Berlin.
February 17, 1948	Record of Conversation between I.V. Stalin and President of Hungary Zoltán Tildy in Moscow Stalin and Hungarian President Zoltán Tildy discuss the draft of the treaty of friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance between Hungary and the Soviet Union. They also discuss Hungarian relations with its neighbors, Romania and Czechoslovakia, and the internal situation in Hungary.
April 10, 1946	Record of Conversation between I. V. Stalin and the Hungarian Governmental Delegation Stalin and the Hungarian delegation discuss economic issues, and the situation of Hungarians in Slovakia.
September 2, 1972	Cryptogram No 9517 from Polish Embassy in Bucharest, Romania Moves Closer to the Soviet Union and the Socialist Countries The Polish Embassy in Bucharest reports on improved relations between Romania and the Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia, motivated in part by economic reasons.
January 11, 1971	Report, Polish Embassy in Bucharest, 'Romania After the Agreements on Friendship with the Soviet Union, Poland and Bulgaria' The Polish Embassy in Romania reports on trends in Romanian foreign relations. There are signs of rapprochement with the other socialist countries in the Warsaw Pact after Romania reversed course to join Comecon. Yet Ceaușescu continued to court China and the United States as well.
August 28, 1968	Cryptogram No 10456 from Polish Embassy in Bucharest, Ambassador Ochęduszko's Meeting with the Soviet Ambassador Polish Ambassador Ochęduszko reports on a conversation with the Soviet ambassador in Bucharest, Alexander Vasilievich Basov. Basov informed him about a conversation he had with Nicolae Ceaușescu on August 25 in which Basov complained about Romanian press which criticized the Soviet intervention in Czechoslovakia. Ceausescu continued to insist that military intervention was a mistake.
December 29, 1969	Note on Exchanges of Opinions by the Ambassadors and Acting Ambassadors of Hungary, the GDR, Czechoslovakia, the USSR, Bulgaria, Poland, and Mongolia on the Subject of 'The PRC Position vis-a-vis the Socialist Countries' on 21 November and 3 December Ambassadors of Hungary, GDR, Czechoslovakia, the USSR, Bulgaria, Poland, and Mongolia discuss the development of socialism and Maoism in the PRC in relation to other countries in the socialist camp.