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The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Warsaw Pact

Warsaw Pact Military Planning

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912- 1994

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Kádár, János

1912- 1989

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February 13, 1976	Soviet Bloc Intelligence Services Take Joint Countermeasures against Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty This GDR document is a German translation of the draft Action Program of Countermeasures against RFE and RL which was discussed at a multilateral meeting of Bloc intelligence services (minus Romania) in Prague in February 1976. The Prague meeting was suggested by the Czechoslovak interior ministry but dominated by the Soviet Union. Oleg Kalugin, then in charge of KGB counterintelligence, gave the opening speech (no copy of which could be located). Some of the measures listed in the Action Program, such as disinformation, were implemented. Others, such as a public tribunal to condemn the Radios, were never pursued.
September 5, 1985	Transcript of the SED Politburo Session held on 5 September 1989 A transcript of an SED Politburo Session discussing Hungary's decision to open its western border and allow East German citizens to cross into Austria.
June 15, 1965	Notice of the Members of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research The Joint Institute for Nuclear Research discusses plans for scientific research and development from 1966 through 1970, and Chinese representatives announce their plan to withdraw from the Joint Institute on 1 July, 1965
January 11, 1971	Report, Polish Embassy in Bucharest, 'Romania After the Agreements on Friendship with the Soviet Union, Poland and Bulgaria' The Polish Embassy in Romania reports on trends in Romanian foreign relations. There are signs of rapprochement with the other socialist countries in the Warsaw Pact after Romania reversed course to join Comecon. Yet Ceaușescu continued to court China and the United States as well.
December 29, 1969	Note on Exchanges of Opinions by the Ambassadors and Acting Ambassadors of Hungary, the GDR, Czechoslovakia, the USSR, Bulgaria, Poland, and Mongolia on the Subject of 'The PRC Position vis-a-vis the Socialist Countries' on 21 November and 3 December Ambassadors of Hungary, GDR, Czechoslovakia, the USSR, Bulgaria, Poland, and Mongolia discuss the development of socialism and Maoism in the PRC in relation to other countries in the socialist camp.
November 9, 1989	Conversation between Chancellor Helmut Kohl and Solidarity Leader Lech Walesa In this extraordinary conversation, Solidarity’s leader fears the collapse of the Wall would distract West Germany’s attention - and money - to the GDR, at the time when Poland, the trail-blazer to the post-communist era in Eastern Europe, desperately needed both. "Events are moving too fast," Walesa said, and only hours later, the Wall fell, and Kohl had to cut his Poland visit short to scramble back to Berlin, thus proving Walesa’s fear correct.
March 10, 1970	Memorandum for President Nixon from Kissinger, "The Current Status of Brandt's Ostpolitik" A memorandum for President Nixon from National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger on the current status of West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's "Ostpolitik" or Eastern Policy, which sought to normalize relations between West Germany and the communist countries.
February 16, 1970	Memorandum for President Nixon from Kissinger, "Brandt's Eastern Policy" A memorandum for President Nixon from National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger summarizing West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's "Ostpolitik" or Eastern Policy, which sought to normalize relations between West Germany and the communist countries.
March 31, 1984	KGB Report on New Elements in US Policy toward the European Socialist Countries Information from the KGB shared with the Stasi about a high-level review of US policy by the Department of State. Presidential Directive [NS-NSDD] 54 from [September] 1982 made the main US objective to subvert Soviet influence in Eastern Europe.
July 11, 1981	Stasi Note on Meeting Between Minister Mielke and KGB Chairman Andropov KGB Chairman Andropov and East German Minister for State Security Mielke meet to discuss ongoing Stasi/KGB cooperation and international affairs. Topics of conversation include the Ronald Reagan administration, the Polish Solidarity Crisis,