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The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

"The Bundeshaus (Federal Building) in Bonn, West Germany, May 1961. "

Western Europe

West Germany

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Western Europe

Great Britain

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Western Europe

France

Berlin Wall between Mitte and Kreuzberg

Berlin Wall

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912- 1994

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Mielke, Erich

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President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

German Reunification

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April 5, 1971	Memorandum for President Nixon from Kissinger, "The Berlin Negotiations - New Guidelines" National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger updates President Nixon on the status of the Four Power Berlin negotiations between the Soviet Union, East Germany, West Germany, and the United States.
February 16, 1970	Memorandum for President Nixon from Kissinger, "Brandt's Eastern Policy" A memorandum for President Nixon from National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger summarizing West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's "Ostpolitik" or Eastern Policy, which sought to normalize relations between West Germany and the communist countries.
September 28, 1961	Letter from Khrushchev to Ulbricht Regarding the Situation in Berlin Khrushchev response to Ulbricht's 15 September letter regarding the closing of the border between east and west Berlin. He notes that since the Western powers were tending toward negotiation rather than confrontation over the crisis, "such steps which could exacerbate the situation, especially in Berlin, should be avoided."
September 15, 1961	Letter from Ulbricht to Khrushchev on Closing the Border Around West Berlin Ulbricht writes to Khrushchev regarding the closing of the border between east and west Berlin.
August 3, 1961	Walter Ulbricht's Speech at the Moscow Conference, 3-5 August 1961 Ulbricht speaks at the Moscow Conference of Secretaries of the Central Committees of the Communist and Workers' Parties of Socialist Countries for the Exchange of Opinions on Questions Concerning the Preparation and Conclusion of a German Peace Treaty.
May 19, 1961	Letter from Ambassador Pervukhin to Foreign Minister Gromyko on the German Problem Ambassador Pervukhin reports to Russian Foreign Minister Gromyko on the position of the East German government regarding the possibility of a peace treaty between the Soviet Union and East Germany and a resolution to the ambiguous status of Berlin. The report also discusses the possibility of enforcing better border controls between east and west Berlin in order to "close 'the door to the West.'"
December 10, 1948	Central Intelligence Agency Memorandum for the President on the Situation in Berlin CIA Memorandum for President Truman on US position on Soviet actions in Berlin.
September 28, 1948	Central Intelligence Agency Report, "Consequences of a Breakdown in Four-Power Negotiations on Germany" Summarizes Soviet objectives and strategies in entering into Four-Power discussions about Berlin and Germany.
September 26, 1987	Stasi Note on Meeting Between Minister Mielke and Head of the KGB 5th Directorate Abramov Meeting between the head of the KGB’s Fifth Chief Directorate, Major General Abramov, and Minister for State Security Mielke, especially on changes in Soviet policy following Mikhail Gorbachev’s accession to power. They discuss the increase in dissident activity, public demonstrations, and subversive organizations.
March 31, 1984	KGB Report on New Elements in US Policy toward the European Socialist Countries Information from the KGB shared with the Stasi about a high-level review of US policy by the Department of State. Presidential Directive [NS-NSDD] 54 from [September] 1982 made the main US objective to subvert Soviet influence in Eastern Europe.