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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

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American Committee for the Liberation of the Peoples of Russia (AMCOMLIB)

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Sargeant, Howland H.

1911- 1984

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

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United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Meyer, Cord

1920- 2001

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Dulles, Allen

1893- 1969

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Wisner, Frank G., Sr.

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Mass Media and Censorship

Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

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Prague Spring, 1968

East German Uprising

Nikita Khrushchev Collection

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July 15, 1960	CC CPSU Report, 'Measures to Vigorously Counteract Hostile Radio Propaganda Directed at the Soviet Population' Report from the head of the Department of Agitation and Propaganda of the Central Committee of the CPSU detailing the shortcomings of Soviet broadcast media in countering Western broadcasts. The document is noteworthy for its criticism of the poor distribution of Soviet newscasts in the Eastern part of the USSR, and acknowledgment of how Western broadcasts have filled this void. An interesting point is made on the habit of adapting Soviet-made receivers to capture Western shortwave broadcasts.
May 19, 1959	KGB Report, 'On the State of Jamming anti-Soviet Radio Programs of Foreign Radio Stations' The following KGB document reports on problems jamming Western radio stations in a range of Soviet cities. It indicates times and frequencies on which Western radio broadcasts were clearly audible and Soviet jamming was ineffective.
September 15, 1958	Report to Central Committee on Press Conference about 'Provocative and Subversive Activities of American Radio Stations' Description of a 1958 press conference in Moscow organized by the State Committee on Cultural Relations, with KGB assistance, to discredit Western broadcasts to the USSR and Eastern Europe. The press conference drew on the presence of alleged former employees of the radio stations.
January 17, 1957	Letter to Khrushchev from Radio Moscow Service Urging Creation of Warsaw Pact Radio Station The following letter to Khrushchev in 1957 by members of the German Service of Radio Moscow proposed establishing a Soviet international broadcaster structured along the lines of Radio Free Europe, with formal independence from the government. Indirectly it acknowledges the effectiveness of RFE broadcasts.
October 24, 1951	USSR Council of Ministers Decree Instituting Jamming of Anti-Polish Propaganda via Radio on Polish Territory Decree ordering the USSR Ministry of Communications to assist with the jamming of Western radio broadcasts in Poland.
September 15, 1951	Report to USSR Minister of Communications on Western Broadcasts to Poland The following document describes how arrangements were made to jam Western broadcasts to Poland from Soviet and Polish territory in 1951.
April 11, 1969	Report to CPSU Central Committee on Visit of Czech Delegation to Discuss Countering Enemy Propaganda in Czechoslovakia This document indicates the continuing influence of German-language and other Western media in Czechoslovakia nine months after the Soviet invasion of August 1968. Czechoslovak officials criticized the heavy-handed Soviet broadcasts of Radio Vltava, and viewed other Soviet proposals to counter Western influence as counterproductive.
1979	Bulgarian Cooperation with KGB against 'Subversive Centers' This document provides further details of joint KGB-Bulgarian measures to counter RFE and RL. It vaunts the effectiveness of Bulgarian regime counterpropaganda, claiming that it thwarted Western efforts to create internal strife in Bulgaria.
December 27, 1977	Letter from Sixth Directorate of Bulgarian State Security on KGB Support This document from the Sixth Directorate of Bulgarian State Security thanks “Soviet comrades” for their assistance in combating hostile propaganda against Bulgaria. It acknowledges the role of State Security in publishing articles in the Bulgarian media “exposing” RFE and RL, and refers to joint Soviet-Bulgarian operations against Western radios.
December 30, 1985	Bulgarian Interior Minister Visits Moscow to Coordinate Activities against Foreign Propaganda Operations This note regarding the results of the visit of a group of Interior Ministry officials to the KGB in Moscow contains a proposal to develop a coordinated plan to discredit RFE and RL.