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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

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Sino-Soviet Relations

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

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Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

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Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

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Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Representatives from Taiwan at the United Nations, September 1971

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Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

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Sino-American Confrontation, 1949-1971

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Deng Xiaoping, 1979.

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1904- 1997

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

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Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Lin, Biao

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Official Chinese Communist Party portrait of Liu Shaoqi.

Liu, Shaoqi

1898- 1969

Photograph of Ziyang Zhao in 1985.

Zhao, Ziyang

1919- 2005

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May 16, 1989	Excerpts from the Meeting between Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping The Chinese version of the record of conversation between Mikhail Gorbachev and Deng Xiaoping. Deng provides a historical overview of China's relations with the Soviet Union and other countries.
November 19, 1957	Record of Conversation between Mao Zedong and A.A. Gromyko A.A. Gromyko and Mao Zedong discussed Sino-Soviet relations, U.S. relations with Taiwan and Chiang Kai-shek, Chinese economic policy and conditions in comparison to industrialized countries, Chinese foreign policy and relations with the U.S. and Britain, the United Nations, Stalin, and Soviet leadership.
October 9, 1982	Record of Prime Minister Suzuki’s Visit to China and Meetings Japan's Prime Minister meets with Deng Xiaoping, Hu Yaobang, and Zhao Ziyang for a series of meetings. The two sides discuss bilateral political and economic relations, developments in China's economic policies, Sino-Soviet and Sino-American relations, the situation on the Korean peninsula, the status of Hong Kong and Taiwan, the Israeli invasion of Lebanon, the Japanese textbook issue, and ther topics.
September 23, 1977	Notes on Meetings held in the Great Hall of the People in Peking, on 3 and 4 August 1977 at 3 PM Huang Hua, commenting on a number of developments around the world, suggests that China's foreign policy continues to emulate the thinking and concerns of Mao Zedong.
September 6, 1954	Australian Government Trade Commissioner, Hong Kong, to the Secretary, Department of External Affairs, 'Visit to China by the British Labour Party Delegation' This is a report on a visit by Clement Attlee's Labor Party delegation to China in August 1954. The report covers wide ground, summarizing the delegates' experiences and views on events in China, and contains a short account of Attlee's conversation with Mao Zedong. Mao and Attlee disagreed about the Soviet Union's policy towards Eastern Europe, and Mao, after defending the Soviet record, in the end admitted that he simply did not know enough about the situation in Eastern Europe. There was also some discussion of Taiwan, though Attlee was given the impression that China would not attack Taiwan for at least 10 years. There is also an interesting quote: "The delegation... received or were confirmed in the impression that the Chinese Government was... living in a world of delusions. The state had been reached where the Central People's Government viewed the outside world not as it was but according to how they thought it should be."
October 5, 1958	Meeting Minutes, Zhou Enlai’s Conversation with S.F. Antonov on the Taiwan Issue (excerpt) Speaking with Soviet Charge d'Affaires Antonov, Zhou Enlai analyzes the American response to the Chinese bombing of Jinmen Island.
September 30, 1969	Letter no. 428 from Franco Maria Malfatti to Aldo Moro Malfatti reports his observations of the Chinese ambassador, who displayed a strong position against the Soviet Union and Taiwan.
October 14, 1959	From the Journal of Ambassador S.F. Antonov, Summary of a Conversation with the Chairman of the CC CPC Mao Zedong October 1959 conversation between Mao Zedong and the Soviet diplomat and sinologist S.F. Antonov, in which Mao attempted to reassure the Soviets that China would not provoke war with the United States or with its Asian neighbors. In his conversation with Antonov, Mao attempts to lessen the impact of China’s displeasure with Soviet policies. He tries hard to show his agreement with Moscow on every issue—the United States, Taiwan, India, Tibet, disarmament.
May 13, 1950	Telegram from Zhou Enlai to Nikolai Bulganin Zhou Enlai presses Moscow to accelerate the dispatchment of requested equipment and personnel by the specified deadline so that the Chinese air force and navy can prepare for the military campaign to seize Zhoushan Island.
April 13, 1950	Telegram from Zhou Enlai to Nikolai Bulganin Zhou Enlai requests and gives deadlines for the sending of aviation equipment and personnel from Moscow, mentioning that China is anticipating military conquests of the Danshan and Jinmen islands.