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Eastern Europe

Poland

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Warsaw Pact Military Planning

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Warsaw Pact

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Eastern Europe

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Gomułka, Władysław

1905- 1982

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Jaruzelski, W. (Wojciech)

1923- 2014

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Nicolae Ceausescu, 1974

Ceaușescu, Nicolae

1918- 1989

September 1980 crisis in Poland

1980-81 Polish Crisis

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

-

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Yakubovsky, Ivan Ignatyevich

-

Head of a toppled Stalin statue in Budapest, 1956

1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises

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March 14, 1966	Letter on a Request from Jaruzelski for a Bilateral Meeting about the Status of the Warsaw Pact A letter from R. Malinkovskii and A. Grechko requesting permission to deny Jaruzelski's request from a previous letter for a bilateral meeting to discuss the status of the Warsaw Pact.
January 24, 1962	Transcription of Speech by Yugoslav General Ivan Gosnjak This note describes a conference of important governmental leaders that gathered on Dec. 21, 1961 to hear Gosnjak speak. He spoke about the power of socialism and the importance of a united Soviet bloc against adversity.
October 25, 1956	Maj. Witold Osinski, Reports on the Events of 19-23 October 1956 Reports recounting Osinski's experiences with infighting between the Polish Ministry of Defense (MND), and the Stalinist Internal Security Corps (ISC). The reports also take place during the Polish October (Gomulka' Thaw). Normal font indicates that the text appears in both instances of the document. Italics indicates that the text appears only in the original, handwritten version of the document. Bold font indicates that the text appears only in the final, typed version for Gomulka.
December 1981	Information [for Gustav Husak] on the Progress and Outcome of the 14th Meeting of the Defense Minsters Committee, 1 and 4 December 1981 in Moscow (Excerpt) Summary of the 14th meeting of the Warsaw BlocDefense Ministers Committee. The ministers discuss the Solidarity movement and protests in Poland, and how to handle the issue in the media.
January 26, 1966	Memorandum by the Polish Ministry of National Defense Polish and Soviet proposals for structural, organizational, and budgetary adjustments to the military articles of the Warsaw Treaty are reported and analyzed.
January 10, 1957	Memorandum on the Warsaw Treaty and the Development of the Armed Forces of the People's Republic of Poland The Polish general staff analyzes the military obligations mandated by the Warsaw Treaty and how stated obligations are not compatible with Polish policy. Proposals for revision of the military articles of the Warsaw Treaty are outlined.
November 20, 1963	Minutes of the HSWP Political Committee Session - Views of Polish Leader Władysław Gomułka on the Cuban Proposal to Join the Warsaw Pact Władysław Gomułka views of Cuba’s proposal to the Warsaw Pact are recorded in the minutes of a HSWP Political Committee session. He explains why Poland opposes Cuba’s entry into the Warsaw Pact. The statements include concerns over the Federal Republic of Germany, nuclear and conventional weapons, and counter-revolution.
March 10, 1970	Memorandum for President Nixon from Kissinger, "The Current Status of Brandt's Ostpolitik" A memorandum for President Nixon from National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger on the current status of West German Chancellor Willy Brandt's "Ostpolitik" or Eastern Policy, which sought to normalize relations between West Germany and the communist countries.
March 31, 1984	KGB Report on New Elements in US Policy toward the European Socialist Countries Information from the KGB shared with the Stasi about a high-level review of US policy by the Department of State. Presidential Directive [NS-NSDD] 54 from [September] 1982 made the main US objective to subvert Soviet influence in Eastern Europe.
July 27, 1968	Warsaw Pact Military Planning: To Division General Cde. Chocha Soviet General-Lieutenant Kozmin requests information from Polish General Chocha so that Soviet troops may pass through Polish territory.