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Photograph of Azadi Tower

Middle East

Iran

Photograph of the Hands of Victory Monument in Baghdad.

Middle East

Iraq

Iranian soldiers in the Iran-Iraq War

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Hussein, Saddam

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Kofi Annan and Saddam Hussein

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Aerial view of National Mall

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Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

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Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Placeholder image for when a places image is not available

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Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Iraq. General Military Intelligence Directorate

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Kádár, János

1912- 1989

Photograph of Ziyang Zhao in 1985.

Zhao, Ziyang

1919- 2005

Nuclear Proliferation

Todor Zhivkov Collection

Reform and Opening in China, 1978-

Zhou Enlai and Gamal Abdel Nasser

China and the Middle East/North Africa

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Documents

August 26, 1982	Memorandum, Information for the President, 'Trade Promotion. Brazil-Iraq. Economic-Commercial Relations' Memo to President Figueiredo highlighting the 1,000% increase in Brazil-Iraq bilateral trade between 1971 and 1980, but also points to a non-conducive environment for Brazilian companies in Iraq despite their heroic decision to remain there during the war, unlike other foreign companies. Attached to the document we find a draft of a letter from President Figueiredo to his “great and good friend” Saddam Hussein, in which he is seeking Hussein’s solidarity and understanding the necessity to resolve the issues on the bilateral economic agenda.
May 10, 1955	Report from the Chinese Foreign Ministry, 'Comments on the Asian-African Conference from the Participating Countries After the Conference' Description of the reaction to the Asian-African Conference in both participating countries and capitalist ruled countries.
January 21, 1987	Activities by the Iraqi Embassy to Find Out About Assumed Arms Deals between GDR and Iran Information from a source in the Iraqi Embassy on a meeting to discuss the deteriorating relations between Iraq and East Germany. Iraqi officials are suspicious that East Germany is exporting arms or military equipment to Iran, but so far do not have any conclusive evidence.
September 23, 1986	Annual Report of the Situation in the Iran-Iraq War In the latter half of 1986, the East German Military Attache in Baghdad reports on how the Iran-Iraq War has progressed and where it is going. During the war so far, Iraq's greatest source of imports has been, by far, from the Soviet Union. However, nations like France and Egypt has also been quite helpful.
April 9, 1981	Special Assistant for NPI, NFAC, CIA, to Resource Management Staff, Office of Program Assessment et al, 'Request for Review of Draft Paper on the Security Dimension of Non-Proliferation' Just a few months into President Reagan’s first term his administration wanted to make its own mark on nonproliferation policy. The report suggests building “broader bilateral relationship[s]” and offering political and security incentives could persuade states considering developing nuclear weapons to cease these efforts.
April 2004	KGB Active Measures in Southwest Asia in 1980-82 Materials provided by former KGB archivist Vasili Mitrokhin to CWIHP, following the publication of the Working Paper No. 40, "The KGB in Afghanistan." As with all Mitrokhin’s notes, his compilation on Soviet “active measures” in South and Southwest Asia is based on other smuggled-out notes and was prepared especially for CWIHP. Please read the Notes on Sources for information on the nature and limitations of these documents.
October 1987	General Military Intelligence Directorate Memos on Iran's Chemical Weapons Capability and Alleged Use Contains memos issued by the General Military Intelligence Directorate (GMID), last dated 6 July 1988, regarding the following issues: The use of chemical weapons by the Iranian Army during the Iran-Iraq War, stating dates and places where they were used; the attempts of Iran to produce chemical weapons relying on the assistance of North Korea, Syria and West Germany; developing some Iranian insecticide factories to be able to produce chemical weapons; types of chemical weapons which are used or produced by Iran, such as mustard Gas, C factor, phosgene factor, white phosphorus, sarin gas. Page 27 contains correspondence by the Iraqi Military Attache Office in Cairo to the GMID, dated 14 September 1988, regarding information received from the Egyptian Intelligence about Iran's attempts to obtain chemical weapons from Spain through mediators and to provide Libya with chemical weapons in return for supplying Scud B missiles.
March 24, 1988	Transcripts from Three Audio Files of a Meeting of the General Command of the Armed Forces This file contains transcripts of meeting minutes taken from three tapes, dated 24 March 1988. The tapes include discussions of the Armed Forces General Command with Saddam Hussein and other officials.
October 6, 1980	Transcripts of Meetings between Saddam and Senior Iraqi Officials Discussing Military Tactics During the War with Iran, Including the Use of Napalm and Cluster Bombs, Tank Maneuvering, and Attacking Oil Refineries This file contains meeting minutes dated 6 October 1980 from meetings headed by Saddam Hussein with the top officials of the Iraqi regime and the high ranking officers of the Iraqi Armed Forces, regarding ammunition and military equipment, coordination between the air defense sectors, Iranian air raids, and air force targets in Iran.
1985	Saddam Hussein and His Inner Circle Discussing the United Nations, the Soviet Union, and the United States Transcript of a meeting between Saddam Hussein and high ranking Iraqi officials regarding the Iran-Iraq war. They discuss the cease-fire negotiations, the UN Security Council, military and diplomatic issues, and Soviet and US Policy in the region.