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Southern Africa

South Africa

South African Nuclear History

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North America

United States

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Nuclear Proliferation

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Malan, Magnus

1930- 2011

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Western Europe

Great Britain

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

France

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Vorster, B. J. (Balthazar Johannes)

1915- 1983

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Philip, Peter H.

-

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Sole, Donald Bell

-

Official portrait for President Jimmy Carter, 1978.

Carter, Jimmy

1924-

Photograph of President Ronald Reagan

Reagan, Ronald

1911- 2004

Israeli Nuclear History

Brazilian Nuclear History

Pakistani Nuclear History

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Documents

October 14, 1977	Letter from C.L.G. Mallaby to Mr. Moberly, 'South Africa’s Nuclear Intentions: Kalahari Facility' Mallaby summaries actions taken in response to accusations that South Africa is preparing to test a nuclear device.
October 6, 1977	Telegram from H.M.S. Reid to UK Embassy in Pretoria with Instructions for Meeting with South African Secretary for Foreign Affairs Brand Fourie H.M.S. Reid sends instructions to the UK Embassy in Pretoria in preparation for a meeting with South African Secretary for Foreign Affairs Brand Fourie. Reid informs them that the Prime Minister wishes to send his concerns about the possibility of South Africa exploding a nuclear device.
August 24, 1977	Telegram from South African Mission in New York to Department of Foreign Affairs on the New York Times Editorial 'Rumors, Not Bombs in South Africa' Summary of New York Times editorial regarding Carter's press conference on South Africa's alleged development of nuclear weapons.
September 19, 1977	Telegram from South African Embassy in Washington to the Department of Foreign Affairs Summarizing a Washington Star Newspaper Article on 'South Africa and the Bomb' Summary of Washington Star newspaper article on Carter administration concerns that South Africa was developing nuclear weapons.
September 30, 1977	Draft letter and Aide Memoire from South African Foreign Minister R.F. Botha to US Secretary of State Cyrus Vance South African Foreign Minister R.F. Botha writes to the US Secretary of State disputing accusations that South Africa is developing nuclear weapons.
October 1977	Letter from South African Prime Minister Vorster to US President Carter on US-South Africa Relations South African Prime Minister Vorster denies the existence of a South African nuclear program and lists hostile steps taken by the United States to exclude South Africa from international nuclear and atomic energy groups. He concludes that "it would seem... the United States officially holds the view that stability in Southern Africa and the future of our country is to be sacrificed in the hope of stopping Soviet expansionism."
September 29, 1977	Telegram from the UK Embassy in Vienna to the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, on South African Statement to the IAEA General Conference The UK Embassy in Vienna reports on the South African statement to the International Atomic Energy Agency General Conference denying Soviet accusations that the country was developing nuclear weapons.
September 22, 1977	Letter from H.M.S. Reid to Mr. Mallaby, 'South African Nuclear Intentions: the Kalahari Facility' In response to Mallaby's letter, Reid dismisses the American explanation for the South African Kalahari nuclear testing facility. He believes that the South Africans "feel increasingly threatened and foresee a possible need to use nuclear weapons in their own defence if it should come to that."
September 1977	Draft Letter to B. Cardledge on Conversation with US Deputy Undersecretary of State Joseph Nye on South African Nuclear Intentions Nye stated that at present the United States preferred to "concentrate on pressing South Africa to adhere to the NPT rather than continuing to enquire about the nature of the Kalahari facility." The State Department assessment was that while South Africa was capable of building a bomb at short notice, they did not actually plan to test one at this time.
September 13, 1977	Memorandum from C.L.G. Mallaby of the UK Arms Control and Disarmament Department, 'South Africa and the Non-Proliferation Treat' Mallaby outlines the UK position on South African accession to the Non-Proliferation Treaty.