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Soviet Foreign Policy

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Head of a toppled Stalin statue in Budapest, 1956

1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises

North Atlantic Council Meeting, Lisbon, June 1985

Archivio Andreotti's NATO Series

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

September 1980 crisis in Poland

1980-81 Polish Crisis

Indian Nuclear History

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Documents

January 25, 1971	KGB Memo of Council Minister of the USSR, Y. Andropov, 25 January 1971 Includes memo of 20 January 1971.
April 1, 1979	Memo on Protocol #149 of the Politburo, "Our future policy in connection with the situation in Afghanistan" The following CPSU Central Committee document, dated 1 April 1979 and signed by Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko, Defense Minister Dmitrii Ustinov, KGB chief Yurii Andropov, and CC International Department head Boris Ponomarev, provides a strikingly candid assessment of the deteriorating situation in Afghanistan that the Soviet Politburo confronted in spring 1979. The report attributes the increasing success of the Islamic opposition (i.e., the Afghan Mujaheddin) to the “miscalculations and mistakes” of the PDPA (People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan) regime that seized power following the April 1978 “revolution.”
December 27, 1979	CPSU CC Memo with attachments, 27 December 1979, on Politburo Protocol #177 The memo concerns Soviet steps on ties with the development of the situation around Afghanistan.
April 5, 1990	CPSU CC Protocol #184/38, 05 April 1990 This document concerns the meeting of the Politburo on the international division of the CPSU CC.
September 1952	Resolution of the CPSU CC: On shortcomings in the treatment of the struggle for peace by the press Draft resolution of the CPSU CC [TzK VKPb] regarding the need to carry out political education with journalists, ensuring that the editorial staff understands correctly the struggle for peace led by the Soviet Union.
May 6, 1968	The KGB’s 1967 Annual Report Yearly report by KGB Chief Andropov to the CPSU leadership on the actions taken by the KGB in the field of espionage, counter-espionage, and counter-propaganda.
September 25, 1953	Draft Instructions to Chuikov and Semyonov In March 1953, Moscow had declined Ulbricht’s request for tightening up the sector border in Berlin, then the major loophole in the SED leadership’s efforts to seal off East Germany. In the aftermath of the demonstrations and unrest in Berlin, the SED leadership apparently tried to reintroduce the idea of increased “border security” in Berlin. Eager to salvage whatever was left of its political position as a champion of German unity, Moscow again held such measures as politically “disadvantageous” and “unacceptable.” Certainly, the Kremlin was also aware of the continued widespread resentment among the Berlin and GDR population which made any more restrictive measures a risky undertaking. Instead, the Soviets urged the SED to increase its “fight against hostile elements” in West Berlin—an issue that would become more and more the focus of Soviet attitude on Berlin.
July 12, 1955	Central Committee Plenum of the CPSU Ninth Session, Concluding Word by Com. N. S. Krushchev Khrushchev responds to the accusations raised by Cde. Molotov about the state of Soviet foreign policy. He discusses the Soviet relationship with the Yugoslav leadership, the Austrian treaty, Soviet-US relations.
June 24, 1957	Minutes of the Meeting of the CPSU CC Plenum on the State of Soviet Foreign Policy The Soviet leadership discusses the state of Soviet foreign policy after the Hungarian crisis and Khrushchev’s visit to the US. Molotov criticizes Khrushchev for recklessness in foreign policy direction. Soviet inroads in the Middle East and the Third World are analyzed. The effects of the crises in Eastern Europe are placed in the context of the struggle against US imperialism.
April 17, 1958	Letter addressed by N.S. Khrushchev, First Secretary of the CC of the CPSU to the CC of the RWP concerning the withdrawal of Soviet troops from the Romanian territory Letter from Nikita Khrushchev to Gheorghiu Dej, informing the Romanian leadership of the decision taken by the Soviet leadership to withdraw the Soviet Red Army troops from the territory of Romania. Military and security services advisors will however remain in place until 1963.