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Israeli Nuclear History

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

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South America

Argentina

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Harman, Avraham

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Ben-Gurion, David

1886- 1973

Photograph of John F. Kennedy in 1963

Kennedy, John F. (John Fitzgerald)

1917- 1963

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United States. Department of State

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Photograph of Dean Rusk

Rusk, Dean

1909- 1994

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United States. Embassy (Argentina)

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Western Europe

France

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Central Africa

Gabon

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Southern Africa

South Africa

Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT)

Indian Nuclear History

South African Nuclear History

Nuclear Proliferation

Pakistani Nuclear History

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February 8, 1961	Memorandum, Secretary of State Rusk for the President, 'Israeli Reactor' Rusk informs President Kennedy about the outcome of Assistant Secretary of State G. Lewis Jones's meeting with Israeli Ambassador Harman.
February 3, 1961	Department of State Memorandum of Conversation, 'Israeli Reactor' Assistant Secretary of State G. Lewis Jones meets with Israeli Ambassador Harman, to discuss the Dimona reactor Harman explained that the Israeli government was preoccupied with an ongoing domestic political crisis.
February 2, 1961	Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs to Secretary of State, 'President’s Suggestion re: Israeli Reactor' Concerned about a recent visit to Cairo by Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister Vladimir Semenov and the possibility that the Soviets might exploit Egyptian concerns over Dimona, President Kennedy pressed State to arrange an inspection visit at Dimona by a US scientist.
January 31, 1961	Department of State Memorandum of Conversation, 'Ambassador Reid's Review of His Conversation with President Kennedy' Days after his inauguration, President Kennedy met with Ogden Reid, who had just resigned as US ambassador to Israel, for a comprehensive briefing on US-Israel relations, including the problem of the Dimona nuclear reactor.
January 30, 1961	Secretary of State Rusk to President Kennedy, 'Your Appointment with Ogden R. Reid, Recently Ambassador to Israel' Memorandum and briefing materials for President Kennedy on the discovery of the Israel Dimona nuclear reactor. Given in preparation for a meeting with Ogden Reid, who had just resigned as US ambassador to Israel.
June 27, 1969	Memorandum from Harry Schwartz to Deputy Secretary of Defense Harry Schwartz's memo to the Deputy Secretary of Defense concerns the possible delay of delivery of F-45 to Israel. The draft "Scenario" is referenced and Schwartz hopes this issue will be covered more extensively within it.
July 14, 1969	Memorandum from Deputy Secretary of Defense, 'Israeli Nuclear Program,' with 'Scenario for Discussions with Israelis on their Nuclear Program, and NSSM 40' Packard's plan detailed in this memorandum and its attachments allegedly represented a consensus of the Defense leadership, Kissinger, Richardson, and Helms. Using a tough approach, the memorandum's enclosed plan focused on getting Israelis assurances and signature on the NPTs.
March 29, 1969	Memorandum from Ralph Earle, Office of International Security Affairs, 'Stopping the Introduction of Nuclear Weapons Into the Middle East' This memo provided Laird with a scheme for a tough approach to Israel that involved a demarche to the Israeli government for “cease-and-desist” certain nuclear and missile [excised] activities and a demand for private assurances and, ultimately, Israel’s signature on the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT). To seal such a deal Earle proposed an exchange of letters between President Richard Nixon and Prime Minister Golda Meir, for which he provided drafts.
March 26, 1969	Memorandum from Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 'Nuclear Missile Capability in Israel' A proposal from JCS Chairman Earle Wheeler favored a presidential-level approach and the application of pressure. Wheeler presented a range of options but recommended a demand to “cease-and-desist” a specific nuclear-related activity.
March 28, 1969	Letter from Secretary of State William P. Rogers to Secretary of Defense In his 28 March reply Secretary Rogers agreed that the computer issue needed more examination along with a further review of policy on sensitive technology exports, but he virtually blew off Laird’s request for a meeting and for deliberation outside of NSC channels. Instead, he advised that the Israeli nuclear problem be studied by the NSC Under Secretaries Committee.