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South Asia

Afghanistan

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Afghan resistance fighters return to a village destroyed by Soviet forces

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Middle East

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North America

United States

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

Andrei Gromyko at the UN, 1981

Gromyko, Andrei Andreevich

1909- 1989

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South Asia

Pakistan

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Najibullah, Mohammad

1947- 1996

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Sino-Soviet Relations

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Taraki, Nur Mohamed

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Soviet Foreign Policy

President Ronald Reagan, Vice-President Bush, and oviet General Secretary Gorbachev

United States-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Non-Aligned Movement

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Documents

November 1, 1980	CC CPSU Granting Technical Assistance to the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in the Construction of a 1000 kWt Medium-Wave Radio Broadcasting Station [Final version] A CC CPSU decree granting technical assistence to the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan in order to build a radio wave boradcasting station.
December 4, 1978	Information about the visit of the Afghan party and state delegation, headed by Prime Minister of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Nur Mohamed Tarakhi to the USSR A collection of the Soviet and Afghan leadership's statements and intentions. The Soviet leadership highlights the improvement of economic, political, and moral support for Afghanistan.
March 18, 1979	Exerpt from Politburo Meeting on Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan CPSU CC Politburo Member Chernenko states that Soviet invervention in Afghanistan will lead to accussation of Soviet aggression
November 13, 1986	Memorandum from KGB Chief Viktor M. Chebrikov, Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze, Defense Minister Marshal Sergei L. Sokolov, and Central Committee International Relations Secretary Anatoly Dobrynin to CPSU Politburo This document highlights the efforts of the PDPA leadership to increase its membership among Afghan mullahs, landowners, and the aristocracy in order to legitimize the party among the Afghan people. It also reveals possible UN involvement in affairs surrounding Afghanistan after a possible Soviet withdrawal.
December 26, 1988	Letter from Ahmad Shah Masoud to the Soviet Chief Military Adviser This document is a letter from Ahmad Shah Masoud his attitude toward the Soviet's military involvement in Afghanistan.
May 18, 1987	Memorandum of the Bulgarian Department of Foreign Policy and International Relations on Afghanistan This document highlights the steps taken by the Bulgarian government to facilitate rapprochement with Afghanistan. The broad aid to Afghan social, political, and economic infrastructure is discussed in detail.
December 30, 1979	Ciphered Telegram from Bulgarian Embassy in Kabul, 30 December 1979 This document provides a statement Babrak Karmal's commitment to Afghan political party solidarity in the face of elements which attempted to de-stabilize his nation's democratic regime.
February 29, 1980	Report on the Meeting of the Foreign Secretaries of the Socialist Countries in Moscow, 26 February 1980 This document explains the views of the cooperating Socialist countries relating to Afghanistan. The USSR perceived the US attempt to line up NATO support against the Soviets as an aggressive action, designed to counter Soviet influence. The Soviets, by contrast, viewed their involvement in Afghanistan as increasing their sphere of influence around the Warsaw-pact countries, making such actions defense, rather than offensive. The USSR's leadership states that it should increase its ties to NATO countries to counteract the foreign policy of the US.
July 16, 1980	Memorandum of conversation between Vadim Zagladin of the CPSU CC and Gyula Horn, deputy head of the HSWP CC Foreign Department on debates inside the Soviet leadership on issues of international politics This document reveals substantial internal debate among Soviet policy makers regarding the USSR'S foreign policy. Issues of counter-balancing US influence by increasing alliances in Western Europe, and the disagreement regarding political turmoil in Afghanistan, illustrate two prominent disagreements in Soviet politics.
1980	Soviet briefing on the correspondence between Tito and Brezhnev This document reveals correspondence between Brezhnev and Tito. Tito expresses his worries about international politics relating to NATO's decision regarding long/medium range missiles, and advocates for Soviet troop withdrawal from Afghanistan. Brezhnev emphasizes the ideological and pragmatic importance of Soviet involvement in the Middle East, and discusses the role of NATO in Europe.