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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Zhivkov, Todor

1911- 1998

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Cuban Foreign Relations

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Foreign Affairs

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Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

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Bulgaria. Communist Party. Central Committee (BCP CC). Politburo

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Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Documents

August 7, 1979	Letter from Sofia to Havana Regarding Perspective Plans for Intelligence & Security Collaboration
June 22, 1981	Report from Gen. M. Minkov, Deputy Minister of the Interior on Bulgarian Delegation’s Visit to Cuba
November 1, 1982	Report on Collaboration between Bulgarian and Cuban Ministries of the Interior for the Period 1979-1982
1957	Letter from G. Kumbiliev to Warsaw Regarding US Citizen Contacts with Poland A letter summarizing the activity of US journalist Oscar Edward Boleen during his stay in Bulgaria. The author of the letter expresses the assumption that Boleen is an agent under cover who is posing as a correspondent of the US magazine "Made in Europe," while being associated with the US intelligence service.
1969	Proposal from Angel Solakov to CC BCP Secretariat on Sending a Ministry Representative to Warsaw A proposal from the Minister of Internal Affairs to the BCP CC for putting one counter-intelligence operative on staff in the Bulgarian Embassy in Warsaw.
February 15, 1977	Plan for Collaboration between Bulgarian and Polish Ministries of the Interior for 1977
March 11, 1983	Letter from Gen. D. Stoyanov to Gen. C. Kiszczak on Intelligence Materials on RFE and a Solidarity Group in Paris
June 16, 1981	Memorandum of Conversation with Ricardo Uilock, Nicaragua's Ambassador to Bulgaria Memorandum highlighting recent developments in countries of Central Latin America. The information has been received from the Nicaraguan Ambassador to Bulgaria, after a visit to Budapest where he has met with the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Nicaragua. The document summarizes political developments that have taken place in the following countries: El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, and Nicaragua.
June 2007	The Yuri Case. Folder 91. The Chekist Anthology. In this entry, Mitrokhin draws upon KGB sources to describe Yuri Velichkov Bagomil Stanimerov (b.1941), a Bulgarian citizen who graduated from the Moscow State Institute of International Relations in 1968. Stanimerov was recruited by the Bulgarian branch of the KGB in 1970, and became a resident of Sweden in 1972. Mitrokhin’s summary of KGB documents indicates that in April 1974, CIA officer Huey Walter “Hearst” made Stanimerov an offer in the name of the National Security Council. While Stanimerov refused the offer, he told Hearst that he would continue collaborating with him. Stanimerov subsequently traveled to many foreign countries, but the Americans no longer expressed interest in him. In 1975, Stanimerov was sent to work in the Bulgarian embassy in the United States. The Americans began to train Stanimerov as a spy and tried to ideologically convert him. The Mitrokhin account posits that the KGB gave Stanimerov instructions in case the latter succeeded in infiltrating the CIA. In 1978, the KGB received information regarding the fact that Stanimerov was being investigated by the FBI for his ties with the Bulgarian intelligence services
June 2007	An Illegal Trainer (KGB history of agent "Halef"). Folder 60. The Chekist Anthology. Describes training techniques used by the KGB in logistical preparation of their operatives for assignments abroad. This article focuses on the employment history of the KGB agent codenamed “Halef.” Between 1955 and 1967, Halef was stationed in Hong Kong and Tokyo. In 1967, due to his insignificant feedback and a weak performance as a field operative, Halef was transferred back as a trainer. As a trainer, Halef traveled extensively. While in the United States, the KGB developed a fictitious identity for Halef – a so-called legend-biography – in case his activity aroused suspicion and he were detained by authorities. In the United States, France and Mexico, Halef’s objectives included developing and testing means of communication with the KGB, which could be used to inform the KGB of an operative’s arrival to and departure from a country, request a meeting, or announce an emergency. In addition to assessing the existing signal language used among operatives, the KGB also instructed Halef to collect the data necessary to set up new surveillance locations in a number of countries. In 1977, Halef was performing assignments in Pakistan and Burma. In 1978, he and his wife were engaged in assignments throughout the USSR. From the USSR, they were relocated to the GDR and then to Bulgaria, where they boarded a cruise ship going from Varny to Suhumi to survey the ports of the Black Sea basin. Traveling through Odessa, Halef photographed military vessels and observed the procedures of the border patrol and customs officers.