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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Eastern Europe

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Prague Spring, 1968

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Shelest, P. IU. (Petro IUkhymovych)

1908- 1996

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Andropov, Yuri Vladimirovich

1914- 1984

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Leonid Brezhnev, 1974.

Brezhnev, Leonid Il'ich

1906- 1982

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Documents

February 3, 1989	Report of the Soviet Ambassador Y. M. Vorontsov, concerning the current political situation inside Afghanistan and the possibilities of solving the Afghan question This document discusses the disagreements among Afghan leaders regarding a coalition government. The Soviet invasion, withdrawal, and the prospects for peace with Afghanistan are also revealed.
June 2007	The KGB of the Ukrainian SSR. Annual review by V.V. Fedorchuk of counter-intelligence operations in 1970. Folder 16. The Chekist Anthology. Annual review presented by V.V. Fedorchuk, chairman of the KGB in the Ukrainian SSR, summarizes the main successes, failures, and future priorities of the KGB in 1971.
January 4, 1968	Report by the Bulgarian Foreign Minister on the Ministerial Meeting in Warsaw on the Situation in the Middle East, 19-21 December 1967 Ivan Bashev presents a report on the CPSU-organized meeting in Warsaw, where Eastern European government officials exchanged views on the situation in the Middle East. Among the discussed topics were the Arab-Israeli conflict, the Yemeni Civil War, and recent developments in Iraq.
June 2007	Solzhenitsyn, Codenamed Pauk [Spider]. Folder 40. The Chekist Anthology. This folder contains information about KGB active measures directed at author Alexander Solzhenitsyn following his exile from the Soviet Union in 1974. The operational directives prepared by the KGB’s leadership for 1974 and 1975 are reproduced verbatim. They included plans to limit Solzhenitsyn’s influence in the West, discredit him and the pro-democracy literary journal “Continent” with which he was closely associated, and make his family fear for their personal safety. Many of the specific measures undertaken by the KGB are described in the document. These included televised interviews with men featured in “The Gulag Archipelago” in which they claimed that Solzhenitsyn fabricated or misrepresented their statements to him, the publication of personal letters between Solzhenitsyn and his close male friends which were intended to reveal the “intimacy of their relations,” and the publication of an article claiming that Solzhenitsyn failed to pay his taxes while he resided in Switzerland. The 1978 operation codenamed “Vampire 1” involved planting a news story which suggested that Solzhenitsyn was a KGB spy, and having it reprinted in prominent newspapers and journals throughout Europe and the US. The document concludes with an index of acronyms, people, and codenames mentioned in the folder.
July 18, 1949	Cable, Liu Shaoqi to Mao Zedong A committee to write up a preliminary draft for a loan from the USSR to China is created. Stalin meets with a delegation of the CCP and answers several of their questions, including: the CCP's policy towards the Chinese national bourgeoisie, the matter of people's democratic dictatorship, Chinese foreign policy issues, Sino-Soviet relations, Xinjiang, Dalian, a Chinese University in Moscow, a railway from outer Mongolia to Zhangjiakou, and a naval school. Stalin and the CCP delegation also discussed the possibility of a war breaking out between the USSR and the US.
December 1958	Regulations for the switch-board and high-frequency telephone lines between the USSR and Czechoslovak Socialist Republic This convention was drawn up by both parties based on article 12 of the Convention between the governments of the USSR and Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It concerns government-owned, high-frequency telephone lines connecting Moscow and Prague. Technical specifications are laid out, as are ways to ensure the confidentiality of information relayed along these telephone lines.
April 26, 1963	Agreement between the Soviet and Czechoslovak state security bodies on the terms of delivery for specialized technology and the related bookkeeping procedure This document details how to improve ties between the state security forces of the Soviet Union and Czechoslovak Republic. It refers to the terms of direct delivery of specialized technology associated with a military delivery plan. There is also discussion on bookkeeping methods so both nations can register the delivery. The protocol is designed to improve coordination of reciprocal deliveries of specialized technology.
February 11, 1974	Protocol on exchange of employees and information in the scientific, technical and security fields for the year 1974 This protocol arranges for short visits between Czechoslovak and Soviet Interior Ministry experts, functionaries and scientists to visit the other's country in order obtain information on topics including physical and chemical research methods, infrared, spectrophotometry and chromatography technology and the use of science and technology in the military. Both parties agree to mutual consultations on questions relating to public security, the military and the shared border of the CSSR and USSR. Publications on security and criminology are listed by title and the number of copies to be exchanged is enumerated.
February 10, 1972	Agreement about Cooperation between the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic and the Committee for State Security under the USSR Council of Ministers The Czechoslovak Ministry of the Interior and Soviet KGB agree to coordinate security efforts and bilaterally exchange information obtained by the security organs of both states along the lines of politics, military business, agriculture, technology and science. The two parties agree to share intelligence and counter-intelligence collected in the aforementioned areas.
June 4, 1976	Agreement between the Czechoslovak and Soviet Ministries of the Interior on cooperation from the summer of 1976 until 1980 This plan focuses on developing and strengthening bilateral ties between the two countries in the areas of science, technology, security operations and criminology. It also calls for the sharing of best practices of propaganda methods, roadway security and oversight, education of government officials and administrative organization of bureaus such as the Ministry of the Interior. Provisions are made to exchange methods designed to improve the systems of permit, passport and visa issuance and registration of aliens. The sharing of best practices to reduce alcohol abuse, vagrancy, recidivism and youth crime is discussed as well.