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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Head of a toppled Stalin statue in Budapest, 1956

1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises

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Eastern Europe

Czechoslovakia

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Nagy, Imre

1896- 1958

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

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Kádár, János

1912- 1989

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Malin, V. N.

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Documents

July 11, 1967	Report of the Inter-ministerial Expert Committee for the HSWP PC on military support for 'friendly' Arab countries in 1967 This document lists the requests for aid and armaments to Hungary by the United Arab Republic, Syria, Iraq, and Jordan, and the amounts and types of aid and armaments that Hungary and the rest of the Eastern Bloc propose to give.
September 26, 1957	Foreign Ministry report on the Hungarian government delegation’s trip in Egypt in 1957 (excerpts) Report on conversations with Egyptian Foreign Minister Fawzi on the recent failed Hungarian Revolution and pressure from Western governments ("the Hungarian Question"). Egypt promised to support Hungary in the United Nations.
January 31, 1961	Record of Conversation from Premier Zhou Enlai's Reception of the Vietnamese Government Economic and Trade Delegation led by Vice Premier Nguyen Duy Trinh Discussion on the Vietnamese agriculture and industrial development. Zhou spoke about Chinese experience on developing socialism during the Great Leap Forward.
August 24, 1989	Information of the Romanian Embassy in Budapest to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1415 hrs A Romanian official at the Embassy in Budapest reports on the Hungarian response to Ceaușescu's 19 August 1989 appeal regarding the situation in Poland.
December 4, 1978	Hungary Central Committee Resolution on Fight against 'Imperialist Propaganda' In response to a report on the implementation of the Politburo resolution of May 22, 1973, concerning the need to strengthen the fight against "imperialist propaganda" (especially its emphasis on human rights) the HSWP Central Committee passes a resolution containing proposals for future tasks (including concern with projected Western satellite television broadcasts).
October 1, 1963	Report to Hungarian Politburo on Jamming of Western Radio This report prepared for the Hungarian Politburo in 1963 concluded that current jamming efforts were ineffective. It provided two options for the Politburo: to maintain and redirect jamming, focusing it on RFE, or to end it entirely.
April 25, 1981	Minutes of Meeting between Czechoslovak and Hungarian Interior Ministry Officials on the Carlos Terrorist Group and Radio Free Europe Bomb Attack A bomb exploded outside the RFE building in Munich on February 21, 1981, severely injuring several employees and causing major physical damage. This document, and others like it, indicates that the Ceausescu regime commissioned the “Carlos group” to carry out the attack. The Carlos group was then resident in Budapest, and this document indicates that the Hungarian Interior Ministry had advance knowledge of the bombing.
February 13, 1976	Soviet Bloc Intelligence Services Take Joint Countermeasures against Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty This GDR document is a German translation of the draft Action Program of Countermeasures against RFE and RL which was discussed at a multilateral meeting of Bloc intelligence services (minus Romania) in Prague in February 1976. The Prague meeting was suggested by the Czechoslovak interior ministry but dominated by the Soviet Union. Oleg Kalugin, then in charge of KGB counterintelligence, gave the opening speech (no copy of which could be located). Some of the measures listed in the Action Program, such as disinformation, were implemented. Others, such as a public tribunal to condemn the Radios, were never pursued.
December 4, 1978	Hungarian Secretariat Report on Fight against 'Imperialist Propaganda' Report on the implementation of the Politburo resolution of May 22, 1973, concerning the need to strengthen the fight against "imperialist propaganda" (especially its emphasis on human rights) and proposals for future tasks (including concern with projected Western satellite television broadcasts).
May 22, 1973	Hungarian Central Committee Report on Fight against 'Hostile Propaganda' This Central Committee report to the Hungarian Politburo reviews efforts of Party and government organs to analyze Western broadcasting and other information programs targeted on Hungary. The report indicates the extent of the resources devoted to analyzing "hostile" information programs, criticizes as inadequate the efforts to counter "hostile propaganda" claiming to "improve socialism," and urges better coordination of counterpropaganda. The resolution of the Politburo accepting the report follows. This resolution, adopted on May 22, 1973, was declared invalid ten years later by a resolution made on October 11, 1983.