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"The Bundeshaus (Federal Building) in Bonn, West Germany, May 1961. "

Western Europe

West Germany

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Placeholder image for when a places image is not available

Western Europe

Great Britain

Placeholder image for when a places image is not available

Western Europe

France

Nuclear Proliferation

West German Chancellor Willy Brandt, 1971.

Brandt, Willy

1913- 1992

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

Berlin Wall between Mitte and Kreuzberg

Berlin Wall

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Euromissiles Crisis

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

-

Official portrait for President George H.W. Bush, 1989.

Bush, George H.W.

1924- 2018

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

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Documents

December 6, 1989	Rezső Nyers’s Typed Notes to Miklós Németh on Gorbachev’s Briefing on the Malta Summit on 4 December An official report by Nyers about the Malta Summit prepared for Prime Minister Miklós Németh.
December 4, 1989	Rezső Nyers’s handwritten Notes on Gorbachev’s Briefing on the Malta Summit at the Meeting of the Warsaw Pact Leaders in Moscow on 4 December Unofficial hand-written notes by Rezső Nyers, President of the Hungarian Socialist Party, taken took during a briefing by M. Gorbachev at a Soviet Bloc summit in Moscow on 4 December, just a day after the meeting with President Bush at Malta.
June 20, 1957	CDS Report No. 44 from Choi Duk Shin to the President (Syngman Rhee)
September 29, 1985	Statement of Willy Brandt, Former Chancellor of West Germany, before the United States Congress
December 12, 1980	Memorandum of Conversation between Brandt and V. Semyonov on 11 December 1980 A conversation between Brandt and V. Semyonov, where German-Soviet relations, the nuclear arms race, and the potential threat of increased tension between the United States and the Soviet Union, are discussed.
August 7, 1972	Ambassador Pauls, Washington, to Foreign Office, 'German China Policy' A message from West German Ambassador Pauls about German-Chinese relations and the possible problems it could pose for the German-American relationship.
September 23, 1977	State Department telegram 229507 to U.S. Embassy London et al., 'Nuclear Suppliers Meeting – Assessment' This document describes the progress made up to that point and the various concerns of countries within the group regarding the scale of safeguards, particularly from the French and Germans. The NSG also agreed to make the guidelines available to the IAEA so that it could publish them. The State Department had been reluctant to publish them, not least because they did not include full scope safeguards, but overriding that was an interest in dispelling Third World concerns about a “secret cartel.”
May 3, 1977	State Department telegram to U.S. Embassy London et al., 'Nuclear Suppliers Meeting, April 28-29, 1977' This document describes the meeting of 15 nuclear supplier states in London where issues were discussed such as full-scope safeguards, including sanctions in the guidelines, purpose of supplier consent, moratoriums, enlargement of membership, and various countries' individual concerns were voiced and addressed.
June 11, 1976	George Vest to the Secretary of State, 'London Nuclear Suppliers Meeting' This document provides an overview of the London Nuclear Suppliers' Meeting which included the addition of the five newest countries to the original seven. Most old and new members were receptive when Washington lobbied them to support a “long term and stable regime of restraint” on the export of sensitive enrichment and reprocessing technology. While the French were supportive of the moratorium proposal, the Germans were uncomfortable with it, not least because of the implications for their deal with Brazil.
October 10, 1975	George Vest to Mr. Sonnenfeldt, 'British Comprehensive Safeguards Initiative re Suppliers Conference' This document describes the differing views regarding safeguards. The Canadians strongly supported the former, “full scope safeguards” (their terminology, which caught on), which the French saw as “tantamount to imposing NPT obligations”--a reference to the Treaty’s Article III--which they would not accept. Arguing that full-scope safeguards was “alien to [their] philosophy,” the French suggested that a “traditional interpretation of the contamination principle (i.e., requiring safeguards on any materials produced in exported facilities),” would make it possible to achieve “the practical equivalent” of the Canadian proposal.