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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Interkit, 1966-1987

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

China-Europe Relations

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

Japan

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Soviet Union. Embassy (China)

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Anastas Mikoyan in 1959

Mikoyan, Anastas Ivanovich

1895- 1978

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Yudin, Pavel F.

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January 7, 1950	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Zhou Enlai and CCP CC Mao Zedong updates Zhou Enlai on the Sino-Soviet negotiations and Sino-Soviet cooperation at the United Nations.
January 13, 1950	Cable, Mao Zedong to Liu Shaoqi Mao Zedong gives instructions on Sino-Soviet military cooperation and makes personnel appointments to the Chinese armed forces.
June 16, 1967	Note from the Conversation between Comrade Zenon Kliszko and CC CCP Secretary Liu Ningyi Comrade Kliszko presents Liu Ningyi with a letter from six socialist countries calling for a conference to discuss aid and coordination in Vietnam in response to "American imperialism." He urges China to rally against this common enemy, despite the ideological differences dividing the socialist nations. Liu responds harshly both to the proposal and to Comrade Kliszko's statement, arguing China "did not want anything to do with a revisionist clique of the Soviet Union’s leadership and its lackeys."
February 18, 1985	Note from a Working Meeting of the CC International Department Deputy Heads of Fraternal Parties of Socialist Countries The group discussed a CC CPSU study which contained an analysis and assessment of the PRC’s foreign policy and its domestic situation.
May 28, 1984	Report from the Visit in Moscow on May 14-19, 1984, at the Academic Conference on 'The Problems of Security and Peace in the Far East' The conference involved the participation of major Sinological centers and representatives of the foreign ministries of nine countries (Bulgaria, Hungary, the GDR, Mongolia, Poland, Cuba, Vietnam, Czechoslovakia, and the Soviet Union). It focused on aspects of peace and security in the Far East.
April 28, 1972	Polish Communist Party Note on "Current Policy toward China" States that "the fundamental principle of our policy toward China is to fully cooperate with the Soviet Union."
January 10, 1949	Cable, Mao to Filippov [Stalin] Mao responds to Stalin's telegram from 6 January 1949. Mao states that any government the GMD may create will be of no influence, that the GMD army is diminished, and that soon the People's Liberation Army will be able to march south and capture several important provinces.
March 11, 1976	Minutes of the Meeting between Todor Zhivkov and Fidel Castro in Sofia Conversation for the record between Zhivkov and Castro during a four-day-long state visit of the Cuban leader to Bulgaria. Among the main issues discussed was the state of economic development in both countries, their relations with Albania, China, Romania and Yugoslavia; the Cuban foreign policy in Africa and the Caribbean; the civil war in Angola; the battle for the Third World.
January 11, 1966	Bulgarian Politburo Resolution on Intelligence Actions Against China and Albania CC BCP Politburo approves Angel Solakov’s recommendation the State Security Committee to commence intelligence and counter-intelligence operations against PRC and Albania. In an attached report Solakov lays out the rationale for such actions. Solakov cites cases where the Chinese and Albanian intelligence services have allegedly embarked upon anti-Soviet actions in various countries of Europe, Africa, Asia and Latin America.
March 23, 1967	Bulgarian State Security Chairman Angel Solakov’s Report at a Bulgarian Communist Party Plenum According to the State Security Committee chair, Angel Solakov, there has been a major shift in the policies of the West towards the Soviet bloc. While during the 1950s military face-off was often considered an option, in the late 1960s such possibility has been largely ruled out. Consequently the US and their allies in Western Europe are focusing their efforts on fighting socialism around the world through peaceful means, such as strengthening economic and cultural ties with the Soviet bloc countries. This calls for a change in the strategy of the State Security Committee intelligence operations. Solakov also reports on the anti-Soviet activities of the Chinese and Albanian intelligence services across Europe.