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Central Africa

Angola

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Southern Africa

South Africa

Cuba's National Capitol Building, January 2010.

Central America and Caribbean

Cuba

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Southern Africa

Namibia

Cuba and Southern Africa

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Southern Africa

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Botha, R. F. (Roelof Frederik) ("Pik")

1932-

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Risquet, Jorge

1930- 2015

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Crocker, Chester A.

-

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Van-Dunem, Afonso ("M'Binda")

1941- 2014

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Aldana, Carlos

-

A photo of Henry Kissinger from 1975

Kissinger, Henry

1923-

Photograph of Gorbachev-Bush summit at Malta, 1989

End of the Cold War

Todor Zhivkov Collection

South African Nuclear History

Handshake between Mao Zedong and Richard Nixon

Sino-American Cooperation, 1972-1989

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Documents

1989	Defense Intelligence Agency Briefing, 'The 1987-88 Combat in Southern Angola: Lessons Learned' Analysis of the military campaign waged in Southern Angola in 1987-88 as well as the lessons learned from this exchange. Document indicates that FAPLA failed to learn from its mistakes, while UNITA adapted much more effectively to the combat environment it faced in Angola. Although FAPLA managed to hold on to Cuito Cuanavale, its large losses led to a Cuban build-up in Southern Angola, which challenged the existing military balance in the region. This provided new impetus to peace negotiations and resulted in the December 1988 Accords among South Africa, Angola and Cuba.
April 1984	Defense Intelligence Agency Report, 'Soviet Military and Other Activities in Sub-Saharan Africa' An overview of Soviet political, economic and military involvement in Africa. The document asserts that although Moscow continues its policy of taking an active and aggressive role in the affairs of Sub-Saharan Africa, much of the momentum it initially possessed has been lost. Moscow now finds itself holding onto the influence it maintains most notably in Mozambique, Angola and Ethiopia.
1975	Meeting Transcript, Kissinger and Brezhnev Discuss Angola in Moscow Kissinger questions Brezhnev about Cuban involvement in Angola and asks if the Cubans will withdraw if the South Africans do. Brezhnev gives no definitive answers.
December 3, 1975	Memorandum of Conversation with Chinese Delegation led by Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping Chinese delegation visits the White House and discusses Angola. The Chinese emphasize that South Africa must exit the conflict if there is to be any chance of rallying other African states to oppose Neto.
October 1988	Meetings between Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States, 'Reuniones para lograr una solución al conflicto de la región del suroeste de Africa' #4-8 Meetings between delegations of Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States about the future of Angola and Namibia: Geneva, 2-5 August 1988; Brazzaville, 24-26 August 1988; Brazzaville 7-9 September 1988; Brazzaville 26-29 September 1988; New York, 6-9 October 1988.
October 6, 1988	Meetings between Angola, Cuba, the United States and South Africa, 'Reunión Cuatripartita Angola/Cuba/EEUU/RSA, Nueva York, Octubre 6-9 de 1988' Meeting between delegations of Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States about the future of Angola and Namibia
July 22, 1988	Cables Exchanged between Havana and the Cuban Delegation in Cape Verde, 'Reunión de Expertos Militares, Cabo Verde, Julio 22 y 23/1988: cifrados recibidos y enviados' Cables exchanged between Havana and the Cuban delegation at the meeting on 22 and 23 July in Cape Verde between South African, Angolan and Cuban officers, and US Department of Defense officials about the withdrawal of the South African troops from Angola.
July 11, 1988	Carlos Aldana to Fidel Castro Carlos Aldana headed the Cuban delegation at the 11-13 July 1988, New York meeting between delegations of Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States about the future of Angola and Namibia.
June 24, 1988	Meeting between the Delegations of Angola, Cuba and the United States, 'Conversaciones RPA-Cuba EEUU-RSA' Meeting between delegations of Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States about the future of Angola and Namibia.
April 23, 1988	Instructions to the Cuban Delegation for the London Meeting, 'Indicaciones concretas del Comandante en Jefe que guiarán la actuación de la delegación cubana a las conversaciones de Luanda y las negociaciones de Londres (23-4-88)' Fidel Castro’s instructions for the Cuban delegation to the 3-4 May 1988 London meeting of the delegations of Angola, Cuba, South Africa and the United States to discuss the future of Angola and Namibia.