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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949-

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

China. Embassy (Soviet Union)

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September 1956	Minutes, Mao’s Conversation with a Yugoslavian Communist Union Delegation, Beijing, [undated] Mao apologizes to Yugoslavian Communist Union Delegation for poor relations in the past, citing pressure from Stalin and the Soviet Union as the primary reason.
January 27, 1957	Speech, Mao Zedong, 'On Sino-American and Sino-Soviet Relations' According to Mao, it would be beneficial for China to wait until after the Third Five-Year Plan to establish a relationship with the United States. In regards to the Soviet Union, he discusses the arrogance of the Soviets as a result of their abundant natural resources, and the “inevitable” disputes between the Communist parties in each country.
January 24, 1957	Report, 'My Observations on the Soviet Union,' Zhou Enlai to Mao Zedong and the Central Leadership (Excerpt) Zhou Enlai comments on the weaknesses of the Soviet Communist Leadership in terms of problem-solving strategies and tactics, international relations, and general effectiveness of the Party leaders.
June 7, 1958	Remarks, Mao Zedong, Concerning the Soviet Request on Establishing a Special Long-wave Radio Station in China Mao comments on the financial responsibility of China to cover the cost of constructing a long-wave radio station, built in collaboration with the Soviets.
June 5, 1958	Report, Peng Dehuai to Mao Zedong and the CCP Central Committee (Excerpt) Chinese Minister of Defense, Peng Dehuai, reports that the Soviet Union requests Chinese-Soviet cooperation in establishing long-wave radio stations in China. Soviet experts are permitted to visit China to perform technical work.
September 15, 1959	Mikihail Zimyanin's Background Report for Khrushchev on China (Excerpt) Mikhail Zimyanin, head of the Soviet Foreign Ministry’s Far Eastern department, reports to Khrushchev on the “new stage” in Sino-Soviet relations after the victory of the people’s revolution in China; China and the Soviet Union now share the common goal of developing socialist societies in their respective countries.
September 27, 1958	Letter, Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union to the Chinese Communist Party, on the Soviet Union's Readiness to Provide Assistance to China in the Event of an Attack In the wake of the Taiwan Strait Crisis, the Soviet Union promises to intervene in the event of a nuclear attack on China from the United States.
October 11, 1958	Telegram, Mao Zedong to Zhou Enlai Mao sends instructions to Zhou Enlai, asking him to send information to the Soviets about the number of planes that were short down during air engagements in the Taiwan Strait. He adds that "[the Soviets] should sell ground-to-air missiles to us, and let us control the employment of them."
October 5, 1958	Meeting Minutes, Zhou Enlai’s Conversation with S.F. Antonov on the Taiwan Issue (excerpt) Speaking with Soviet Charge d'Affaires Antonov, Zhou Enlai analyzes the American response to the Chinese bombing of Jinmen Island.
October 2, 1980	CPSU CC Politburo Directive to Soviet Ambassadors and Representatives, 'Carrying Out Additional Measures to Counter American-Chinese Military Cooperation' Instructions to Soviet ambassadors discussing the growing military cooperation between China and the United States.