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Sino-Soviet Relations

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Sino-Soviet Split, 1960-1984

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

1898- 1976

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

Pyongyang photographed in March 20212

East Asia

North Korea

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

Vietnam

Photograph of Chiang Kai-shek and Mao Zedong, 1945

Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

Photograph of 38th parallel crossing during Korean War

Korean War, 1950-1953

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Nikita Khrushchev at the UNGA, 1962.

Khrushchev, Nikita Sergeevich

1894- 1971

Photograph fo Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Beijing

China. Foreign Ministry

1949-

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

China. Embassy (Soviet Union)

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April 24, 1962	Minutes of Vice Minister Zhang Hanfu’s Talk with the Soviet Ambassador to China Stepan Chervonenko Zhang Hanfu and Stepan Chervonenko spar over the flight of Uyghurs and Kazakhs from Xinjiang to the Soviet Union.
April 29, 1962	Cable from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to the Xinjiang Foreign Affairs Department The Chinese Foreign Ministry requests that Xu Huang gather evidence against the Soviet Union.
April 21, 1962	Telephone Reporting Points from Comrade Xu Huang, Deputy Director of the Department of Consular Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Chinese official Xu Huang reports possible reasons for the exodus of Uyghurs and Kazakhs from Xinjiang.
April 21, 1962	Cable from the Department of Consular Affairs, Chinese Foreign Ministry, 'On the Flight of Border Residents from Yili and Tacheng' The Chinese Foreign Ministry asks why individuals in Xinjiang are crossing the border into the Soviet Union.
April 21, 1962	Cable from the Chinese Foreign Ministry, 'Handling the Issue of Border Residents Fleeing from Yili and Tacheng to the Soviet Union' The Chinese Foreign Ministry directs border guards in Xinjiang to interface with Soviet counterparts.
April 21, 1962	Cable from the Xinjiang Foreign Affairs Office, 'Report on the Flight of Border Residents from the Yili and Tacheng Areas to the Soviet Union' The Xinjiang Foreign Affairs Office offers one of the first accounts of the cross-border flight of Uyghurs and Kazakhs.
April 5, 1965	Cable from Zhu Qiwen, 'The Vietnamese Side passing on the Soviet Communist Party’s Proposal regarding the Holding of a Three-Party Summit among the Soviet Party, and the Vietnamese Party, and the Chinese Party' Zhu Qiwen reports on possible Soviet motives in proposing a three-party meeting between North Vietnam, China, and the Soviet Union.
February 11, 1965	Minutes from a Conversation between A.N. Kosygin and Mao Zedong The Soviet Union sent a delegation to the All-China Assembly of People's Representatives in Beijing. During this time, A.N. Kosygin and Mao Zedong discussed Vietnam including American military actions, Soviet assistance and support, and their socialist path. The conversation then moved towards a debate over spheres of military influence. The Soviets believed that they and the Chinese should unite to fight against American capitalism, but Mao stated that the Soviets should protect Europe and Chine should protect Asia. Other issues addressed included imperialism, Africa, the United Nations, foreign relations, and the concern over factions between communist states and internal factions within parties.
March 1964	Transcript of Conversations between Delegations of the Central Committee of the Romanian Workers Party and the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (Excerpts) Romanian and Chinese officials on the Soviet use of informal channels to interfere in Romania’s domestic affairs.
November 15, 1949	From the Diary of N.V. Roshchin, Memorandum of Conversation with Prime Minister Zhou Enlai on 15 November 1949 Conversation between Soviet Ambassador Roshchin and Chinese Premier Enlai. Zhou Enlai puts forth some future military plans of the PLA. Specifically, the plans to enter Tibet following liberation in Xinjiang and Sichuan, and to attack Hainan are discussed. He adds that the losses incurred in the Battle of Shantou will inform the eventual attack on Formosa.