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Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

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East Asia

North Korea

Portrait of Mao Zedong from propaganda poster

Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

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North America

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Photograph of Zhou Enlai in 1972.

Zhou, Enlai

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North Korea-China friendship celebrated at the DPRK mass games

China-North Korea Relations

Trade agreement between European Economic Community and China

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The Ho Chi Minh Mausoleum in Hanoi, Vietnam, 2012.

Southeast Asia

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Kim Il Sung, 1978

Kim, Il Sung

1912- 1994

Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1950-1959

Gyeongbokgung

East Asia

South Korea

Zhao Ziyang on a tour of East Germany in June 1987.

China-Eastern Europe Relations

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Placeholder image for when a portrait image is not available

Puzanov, A. M.

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China. State Council

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October 26, 1949	Draft Reply to Mao Zedong's Telegram from Stalin via Molotov Stalin agrees with Mao Zedong that North Korea is not yet ready to launch an assault, and reports that the Soviet Union has told North Korea to concentrate on developing liberated areas and guerrillas in South Korea.
May 18, 1949	Cable No. 54611 from Kovalev to Stalin A telegram from the leader of the group of Soviet specialists in Northeast China to the Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers about the results of Chinese-Korean talks on military cooperation.
November 16, 1956	Cable from the Chinese Embassy in Pakistan, 'A Comprehensive Report on Recent Circumstances in Pakistan' Chinese report on the impact of the Suez Canal Crisis on the Baghdad Pact and Pakistani foreign policy
October 11, 1956	Cable from the Chinese Embassy in Pakistan, 'Pakistan’s Parliamentary Debate About Foreign Policy' The Chinese Embassy in Pakistan reports on the domestic debate inside Pakistan regarding changes in foreign policy.
December 1978	The Politics of the Chinese Leadership after the 11th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party This Soviet study of the Chinese leadership after the 11th congress of the Communist Party of China analyzes Chinese foreign policy in the late 1970s, discusses issues related to China's internal situation, especially in military matters, and condemns Maoism as an essentially anti-Communist ideology.
June 1975	China after the 10th Party Congress and the Adoption of the Maoist Constitution This study analyzes China's domestic and foreign policies after the 10th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. It addresses the propaganda measures of the Maoist regime and the socio-economic development in China. The report also discusses the undemocratic character of the Chinese Constitution of 1975. Regarding its foreign relations, China is said to be extending its area of influence in developing countries and developing closer relations with Western countries. Chinese-US relations are criticized, as well as China's permissiveness in allowing more Western influences to affect its domestic policies and economic strategies.
March 10, 1980	Evaluation of Chinese Policies toward Eastern Europe by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union This document addresses China's alleged bid to undermine the unity of the Socialist countries while maintaining special relations with Romania, Yugoslavia, and North Korea. Chinese foreign policy is seen as interfering in the domestic affairs of the Socialist states. By maintaining contacts with Western countries and by encouraging further armament of NATO, China is undermining the position of the Warsaw Pact. The Soviet evaluation assesses China as an unreliable partner in international relations and advises that all contacts of the Chinese government with foreign organizations or authorities be closely monitored.
1976	Analysis of China's Foreign Policy by the Czechoslovak Embassy in Beijing This document examines Chinese attempts to foster Western European integration as a counterbalance to the US. Also discussed is the relationship between NATO countries and China and its impact on Soviet-Sino relations, military cooperation between China and Western Europe, and the relations between China and West Germany.
1974	Analysis of the Romanian Attitude toward Maoism This document offers an East German assessment of Romania's attitude towards China. It emphasizes that the Romanian Communist Party approves of the Chinese Maoist line and agrees with Beijing's domestic and foreign policies. Romania's foreign policy is said to attribute the same importance to relations with China as to relations with the Soviet Union. It also notes that the Romanian government has given more publicity to the resumption of diplomatic relations between China and West Germany than it did to similar moves between East Germany and India. The authors identify an anti-Soviet bias in the Romanian position, which the authors believe undermines the unity of the Socialist countries.
August 2, 1971	Record of the Meeting Between Leonid Brezhnev and East European Party Leaders in the Crimea (Including Discussion on China) This record of the Crimean meeting between General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev of the Soviet Communist Party and East European party leaders addresses Soviet domestic and foreign policies. Also discussed is China's anti-Soviet attitude. Brezhnev mentions the negative reactions of Korea and Vietnam to US President Richard Nixon's planned visit to China. The participants at the meeting are in favor of intensifying relations with Japan. Further discussions focus on the possibility of China joining the UN. All participants at the meeting criticize Nicolae Ceauşescu's visit to China as damaging the interests of the Warsaw Pact. Romania is said to support China's politics towards Albania and Yugoslavia.