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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

Sino-Soviet Relations

Sino-Soviet Rapprochement, 1985-1989

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Stepanov-Mamaladze, T. G.

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC)

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

China, 1989

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Portrait of T.V. Soong, 1945

Soong, T. V. (Tzu-wen)

1894- 1971

Presidential Office Building of Taiwan

East Asia

Taiwan

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East Asia

Mongolia

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China and the End of World War II

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Wang, Sheng

1917- 2006

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Poland

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Documents

1979	Bulgarian Interior Ministry Note on Actions against Western Radio A Bulgarian Interior Ministry paper details coordinated actions against Western radio in the aftermath of the May 1977 Budapest meeting of Bloc security services. The paper identifies RFE, and notably several of its broadcasters who recently defected from Bulgaria, as a major threat. It accuses Western media of sensationalizing the murder of Georgi Markov (who was killed by the Zhivkov regime).
1978	Bulgarian General Stoyanov Meets KGB Geneneral Bobkov to Discuss Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty Various counter-measures against RFE and RL were discussed in this meeting, including a possible international trial of the “committee” supporting RFE and RL.
May 23, 1983	Polish Intelligence Report on Radio Free Europe Links to CIA This May 1983 document draws on Polish intelligence service reporting to detect a hidden CIA hand behind RFE broadcasts (although the CIA connection had been severed twelve years earlier). It is representative of Polish intelligence reports on RFE in those years, which were usually far less accurate than Soviet and other East European intelligence reports.
May 15, 1989	Diary of Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze, 15 May 1989 Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze diary entry, describing his arrival in Beijing, and the student demonstrations and strikes going on the city, including some of their most characteristic slogans.
May 15, 1989	Notepad of Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze, 15 May 1989 Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze notes covering a discussion between Gorbachev and Yang Shangkun, during the beginning of the Soviet visit to China. Gorbachev and Shangkun compare economic growth rates and initiatives in China and the Soviet Union, and Gorbachev talks about perestroika. Later in the day, Gorbachev explains his impressions that the Chinese are interested in normalizing relations with the Soviet Union, and are worried about the protests occurring in Tiananmen Square. The Soviet delegation connects their visit to China to the protests.
February 1, 1989	Diary of Teimuraz Stepanov-Mamaladze Soviet Foreign Minister Shevardnadze's aide records his thoughts as they arrive in Beijing to meet with Chinese officials.