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Eastern Europe

Poland

Ryszard Kukliński Collection

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Stein, John H.

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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McMahon, John Norman

1929-

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

American diplomat William Averell Harriman

Harriman, W. Averell (William Averell)

1891- 1986

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Eastern Europe

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

Berlin Wall between Mitte and Kreuzberg

Berlin Wall

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Documents

January 23, 1981	Memorandum from John N. McMahon to the Secretary of State, Defense, and Director of National Security, 'Polish Ministry of Defense Drafting Plans to Utilize the Polish Military to Implement Martial Law' Sources reveal the Soviet-supported Polish government intends to declare a state of Martial Law.
January 7, 1981	Intelligence Information Cable, 'Validity of Polish General Dubicki's Comments to the Press about Alleged Soviet Troops Wearing Polish Uniforms' Assesses the validity of Gen. Leon Dubicki's allegations Soviet troops are wearing Polish uniforms in the implementation of martial law.
February 27, 1980	Memorandum from John N. McMahon to Director of Central Intelligence Memorandum of suggestions for Polish officials in case of national security threat.
1972	Letter from P.V. [Col. Ryszard Kuklinski] to USA Embassy Polish Colonel Ryszard Kuklińsk makes contact with the US embassy in Bonn describing himself as a foreign "MAF" from a Communist country, and requested a secret meeting.
February 27, 1980	Memorandum from John M. McMahon to the Director of Central Intelligence, '[Redacted] Report' McMahon forwards a translation of a Polish-language document containing information on the Polish government's planning for "increased threat for Poland's security."
October 22, 1976	Cable No. 17944, US Embassy Bonn to the Secretary of State, 'Expulsions of North Korean Diplomats from Scandinavian Countries' An official at the American Embassy in Bonn discusses the North Korean smuggling scandals in Scandinavia, suggests possible connections between the scandals and North Korean Embassies elsewhere in Europe, and confirms the absence of North Korean smuggling in the Federal Republic of Germany.
February 2, 1971	Memorandum from [withheld] for Deputy Chief [withheld], 'Recent Radio Free Europe (RFE) Broadcasts to Poland' [Declassified September 19, 2016] CIA officials responsible for RFE question the criticism of RFE Polish broadcasts by the Polish Government, the West German Government, and the State Department and conclude that coverage of the December 1970 unrest in Poland was responsible and effective.
April 27, 1967	Telegram from the American Embassy in Warsaw to the Department of State, 'Appraisal of RFE Broadcasts to Poland' [Declassified September 19, 2016] In Warsaw Embassy Airgram A-666, US Embassy officers analyze six weeks of RFE Polish broadcasts and conclude that they support US policy objectives by informing Poles about developments in Poland and the world and encouraging evolutionary change.
January 7, 1957	Memorandum from Frank G. Wisner for the International Organizations Division Chief, 'Reflections on Radio Free Europe's Present Position and Potentials; Lines for Poland, etc.' [Declassified September 19, 2016] Frank Wisner, reflecting on the Hungarian Revolution, suggests that Soviet Communism is on the defensive and RFE broadcasts to Poland should discourage violence while supporting Party leader Gomulka’s efforts to gain more autonomy from the Soviet Union. IOD Chief Cord Meyer annotates the memorandum.
September 1, 1945	Jakub Berman's Letter to Stalin: A Report on the Situation in Poland and Request for Advice and Help Jakub Berman, leading Polish communist, writes to Stalin a detailed list of events occuring in Poland dealing with the stability of the Post-War communist government.