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Eastern Europe

Poland

Ryszard Kukliński Collection

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

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Stein, John H.

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Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

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McMahon, John Norman

1929-

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

American diplomat William Averell Harriman

Harriman, W. Averell (William Averell)

1891- 1986

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Eastern Europe

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

Berlin Wall between Mitte and Kreuzberg

Berlin Wall

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Documents

November 9, 1944	Letter No. 402 from L.D. Wilgress, Canadian Embassy, Moscow, to the Secretary of State for External Affairs, W.L. Mackenzie King The Canadian Ambassador to the Soviet Union, L.D. Wilgress, thoroughly reviews Soviet foreign policy in Europe, Asia, and in Latin America and its relations with the United States and the United Kingdom. Wilgress optimistically concludes that "the Soviet Government are desirous of co-operating fully with the other great powers."
January 2, 1958	Address by Polish Foreign Minister Rapacki at the United Nations General Assembly, 'Polish proposal for a European Zone Free From Atomic Weapons' In response to the arming of West Germany, Rapacki proposes a European Nuclear Weapon Free Zone.
April 2, 1958	Note by Foreign Secretary Subimal Dutt on Conversation with Polish Ambassador Poland requests that India express support for the Polish plan for nuclear disarmament in Europe.
May 14, 1955	Warsaw Pact Treaty Treaty establishing the Warsaw Pact in response to the integration of West Germany into NATO.
June 8, 1945	Cable, Summary of Averell Harriman Meeting with Stalin and Molotov Harriman updates the President on the adverse relations between the USSR and the United States; observes that Stalin cannot understand the United State's interest in establishing an independent Poland.
May 2, 1945	Memorandum by Sir Orme Sargent, Deputy Under-Secretary at the Foreign Office, to Winston Churchill Sir Orme Sargent suggests that the recent Soviet hardening towards Great Britain is due to the influence of Stalin's ministers; connects chilled relations with situation in Austria and Poland.
October 13, 1944	Record of Meeting Held at Spiridonovka House on 13 October at 5 p.m. M. Mikolajczyk discusses the Polish memorandum regarding the reconstruction and internal affairs of post-war Poland, Stalin reprimands Mikolajczyk for the extralegal approval of this memorandum. Churchill defends the memorandum, Stalin criticizes it, and Mikolajczyk emphasizes Poland's sovereignty as well as the legitimacy of the underground government in occupied Poland. Contentious discussion on the issue of the Curzon Line between Stalin and Mikolajczyk--Churchill acts as a mediator.
October 9, 1944	Record of Meeting at the Kremlin, Moscow, 9 October 1944, at 10 p.m. Churchill, Eden, Stalin, and Molotov discuss the leadership in Poland, Britains interests in Greece and Hong Kong, the actions of Romania and Bulgaria during the war, Turkey, the need for the Great Powers to exert influence on the Balkans to prevent small wars, the leadership of Italy, interests in Bulgaria and Romania, the dividing of Germany and Germany's future, and the American plans in the war against Japan.
September 6, 1963	Telegram from the Central Intelligence Agency Station in Saigon to the Agency Report from the CIA station in Saigon on Ngo Dinh Nhu, stating that he is opposed to neutralism in South Vietnam. He also discusses the difficulties of negotiating or even communicating with Hanoi.
January 21, 1963	Galbraith’s Journal Entry Account of the Conversation with Rapacki and Michałowski in New Delhi Record of conversation between John Kenneth Galbraith and Polish officials Jerzy Michałowski and Adam Rapacki. The Polish officials note that the American campaign is encouraging the North Vietnamese to look to the Chinese for help. Galbraith calls for a six month ceasefire as a sign of good faith.