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2018

Elaine Mokhtefi, 'Algiers: Third World Capital. Freedom Fighters, Revolutionaries, Black Panthers' (Excerpts)

The author of the book from which the below excerpts are taken, Elaine Mokhtefi née Klein, is a US American of Jewish origin born in 1928 in New York. She became politically involved there in the late 1940s. In 1951, she moved to Paris, where she worked as a translator for various anti-racist and anti-colonial movements. It was in the French capital that she met Algerian independence activists and became involved with the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN), which was founded in November 1954 and started Algeria’s independence war. She participated in the 1958 All-African People’s Conference in Ghana (for which see also the entry on Frantz Fanon’s FLN speech). In 1960-1962, she worked in New York for the FLN. FLN representatives stationed in the United States sought to contact US politicians and officials, and in New York successfully lobbied at the United Nations headquarters during its war against France, as Matthew Connelly showed inA Diplomatic Revolution: Algeria’s Fight for Independence and the Origins of the Post-Cold War Era (2002). Moreover, already at this time the FLN was deeply involved with various other anticolonial liberation movements, as Mokhtefi’s fascinating book illustrates. When Algeria became independent, in 1962, she moved there. She worked in various official capacities, inter alia for the Algeria Press Service. And due to her New York experience and command of English, she often was asked to work with representatives of foreign independence movements, including the US Black Panther Party (BPP), whose presence in Algeria in 1969 and its effect on the BPP’s take on the Arab-Israeli conflict has been studied in Michael Fischbach’s Black Power and Palestine: Transnational Countries of Color (2018). Many such movements were assisted by the Algerian government, which saw itself as a player in multiple overlapping anticolonial and postcolonial frameworks, including African unity, Arab unity, Afro-Asianism, and Third Worldism, as Jeffrey Byrnes has shown in his Mecca of Revolution: Algeria, Decolonization, and the Third World Order (2016). Mokhtefi was for political reasons forced to leave Algeria in 1974, accompanied by her Algerian husband, the former FLN member Mokhtar Mokhtefi. They settled in Paris, and in 1994 moved to New York.

August 29, 1985

Letter, Yoshihiro Nakayama to Hafez al-Assad, President of the Syrian Arab Republic

In a letter to President Assad of Syria, Special Envoy Nakayama writes about the relationship between Japan and Syria and reflects on each country’s mutual concerns, including international terrorism.

August 29, 1985

Letter, Yoshihiro Nakayama to Farouq al-Shara, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Syrian Arab Republic

In a letter to the Minister for Foreign Affairs of Syria Farouq al-Shara, Special Envoy Nakayama writes about the relationship between Japan and Syria and reflects on each country’s mutual concerns, including international terrorism.

August 1985

[Draft] Letter, Yoshihiro Nakayama to Farouq al-Shara

A draft of a letter form Special Envoy Nakayama of Japan to Farouq al-Shara. The letter discusses Envoy Nakayama’s recent visit to Syria.

August 1985

[Draft] Letter, Yoshihiro Nakayama to Hafez al-Assad

A draft of a letter form Special Envoy Nakayama of Japan to President Assad of Syria. The letter discusses Envoy Nakayama’s recent visit to Syria and meeting with President Assad.

August 2, 1985

Letter, Yasuhiro Nakasone, Prime Minister of Japan, to Hafez al-Assad, President of the Syrian Arab Republic

A letter from the Prime Minister of Japan to President Assad of Syria describing the relationship between Iran and Syria, the American hostages in Lebanon, and preparing for the upcoming visit of Japanese Special Envoy Nakayama.

July 26, 1985

[Draft] Letter, Shintaro Abe, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan, to George P. Shultz, Secretary of State

In a letter to Secretary of State Schultz, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Japan Abe describes his visits with various countries in the Middle East after the ASEAN Post-Ministerial Conference with Dialogue Partners. He discusses the Iran-Iraq conflict, the American hostages held in Lebanon, and the general issue of peace in the Middle East.

September 2, 1985

Letter, Ronald Reagan to Yasuhiro Nakasone

In a letter to Prime Minister of Japan Nakasone, President Reagan writes about the future of the relationship between Japan and the United States, emphasizing the need to protect liberal trade and ending with an expression of appreciation for Japan’s assistance in the release of the American hostages in Lebanon.

August 2, 1985

Letter, Yasuhiro Nakasone, Prime Minister of Japan, to Hojatoleslam Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Speaker of the Islamic Consultative Assembly of the Islamic Republic of Iran

A letter from the Prime Minister of Japan to Speaker of the Islamic Consultative Assembly of Iran Rafsanjani describing the relationship between Iran and Japan and preparing for the upcoming visit of Japanese Special Envoy Nakayama.

October 19, 1964

J.S. Mehta, 'China's Bomb and Its Consequences on her Nuclear and Political Strategy'

Analysis of the recent Chinese nuclear weapon test and it's strategic implications for China's diplomatic and military policies.

Pagination