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Middle East

Turkey

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Eastern Europe

Bulgaria

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

Greece

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

Executive Committee of the National Security Committee during the Cuban Missile Crisis.

Cuban Missile Crisis

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Bulgaria. Ministry of Internal Affairs

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Todor Zhivkov Collection

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Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi)

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John Paul II, Pope

1920- 2005

Emir Farid Chehab

Chehab, Emir Farid

1908- 1985

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Ağca, Mehmet Ali

1958-

Intelligence Operations in the Cold War

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Journalist informer

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Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

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July 5, 1963	Bulgarian Ministry of Internal Affairs, Information Report on NATO On 5 July 1963 the Bulgarian Ministry of Internal Affairs completed an information report on NATO's activity during the Cuban Missile Crisis. In the report, the ministry outlines detailed espionage carried out by NATO agents. According to the report, the NATO Military Intelligence Services provided instructions for NATO member-states' military attaches stationed in Warsaw Pact countries and agents they could get to cooperate with them. Agents were to observe and report specific military intelligence collecting in Warsaw Pact countries -- arms deliveries, missile sites, military movements, etc. The report also includes explanation of how the attaches carried out their intelligence gathering -- reading official press, speaking in Russian and misrepresenting themselves as Russian, etc . The Bulgarian Interior Ministry notes that Western governments were well-informed of Bulgarian military structures -- including exact formations and secret designations.
June 23, 1963	Bulgarian Foreign Ministry (Angelov), Cable to Bulgarian Embassy, Ankara Deputy Forieng Minister Lubomir Angelov transmits to Bulgaria's embassy in Turkey information from Bulgarian Ambassador to Great Britain Radenko Grigorov. Angelov's message is handwritten and reports news about Soviet and US submarine presence in the Mediterranean, which initially Grigorov acquired from Turkey's ambassador to Great Britain.
June 6, 1963	Bulgarian Embassy, Athens (Minchev), Cable to Foreign Ministry Bulgarian Embassy in Athens staff member Atanasov reports on Greek media accounts of military preparations to the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. According to Atanasov, Greek newspapers report preparations include Soviet movements in the Mediterranean in response to US submarines carrying Polaris missiles, Bulgarian maneuvers near the Greek and Turkish borders, and an anticipated NATO forward strategy in Greece. Atanasov adds that NATO is preparing the defense of possible attacks on Greece.
March 17, 1963	Bulgarian Embassy, Athens (Minchev), Cable to Foreign Ministry Bulgarian Ambassador to Greece Nikolai Minchev relays recent newspaper reports to the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Minchev summarizes a recent NATO meeting in Athens where NATO staff and Turkish and Greek military personal discussed security in the two nations and the Balkan region as a whole.
February 15, 1963	Bulgarian Legation, Washington (Shterev), Cable to Foreign Ministry Bulgarian Charge d’Affaires in the US Kiril Shterev reports to the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs that US Deputy Secretary of Defense Roswell Gilpatric stated that three submarines carrying Polaris missiles will be deployed to the Mediterranean Sea. The deployment follows US withdrawal from Italian and Turkish bases after the Cuban Missile Crisis.
February 12, 1963	Bulgarian Legation, Washington (Shterev), Cable to Foreign Ministry Bulgaria's Charge d' Affaires to the US Kiril Shterev writes to the Bulgarian Ministry of Foreign Affairs explaining that the US planned on stationing B47 bombers in Turkey once the Jupiter missiles are removed from Turkey. Shterev cites journalist Paul Scott as his source for the information about the display of the Unites States' military presence.
January 28, 1963	Bulgarian Consulate, Istanbul (Karadimov), Cable to Foreign Ministry Bulgarian General Consul in Istanbul Dimo Karadimov reports to the Bulgarian Foreign Ministry news of new ballistic missiles in Turkey. Specifically, Karadimov notes that the US military will replace Jupiter missiles with Polaris missiles within the year. Karadimov cannot confirm NATO's involvement.
January 21, 1963	Bulgarian Legation, Washington (Shterev), Cable to Foreign Ministry In his cable to the Bulgarian Foreign Ministry, Ambasador Kiril Shterev reports information about expected US assistance to Greece in 1963. Shterev acquired the information during lunch with the Greek Charge d' Affaires, Counselor Kalougeras. Kalougeras also mentioned Turkey's possible entrance into the European Economic Community and inquired about US-Bulgarian relations.
March 12, 1947	Truman Doctrine, 'Recommendations for Assistance to Greece and Turkey' Truman's speech to Congress in which he laid the foundations of the Truman Doctrine by stating that the United States would support Greece and Turkey in order to prevent them from under the sway of the Soviet Union. This speech is often cited as the beginning of the Cold War, and US containment policy.
February 11, 1945	Yalta Conference Agreement, Declaration of a Liberated Europe The text of the agreements reached at the Yalta (Crimea) Conference between President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Generalissimo Stalin.