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Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

South Korean Diplomacy in Asia, 1955-1957

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East Asia

South Korea

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Eastern Europe

Japan's Itsukushima Shrine

East Asia

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Eastern Europe

Hungary

Dr. Syngman Rhee, 1939

Rhee, Syngman

1875- 1965

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Kim, Young Kee

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Dulles, Allen

1893- 1969

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Korea (South). Embassy (Philippines)

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Wisner, Frank G., Sr.

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Japan and the Korean Peninsula

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Mitrokhin, Vasili

1922- 2004

Mitrokhin Archive

Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League

North Korean Public Diplomacy

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November 22, 1950	Wisner Update on Radio Free Europe Frank Wisner reviews RFE broadcasting after 5 months and notes a shift from use of exile leaders “of questionable current value” to “timely news items and commentary.” He foreshadows expansion of broadcast hours and shift of program production to West Germany.
August 21, 1950	Office of Policy Coordination and Kennan Discussion of the American Committee for Liberation Frank Wisner solicits George Kennan’s suggestions on the organization of AMCOMLIB (cryptonym Cinderella) and the composition of its board of directors.
May 5, 1950	Letter to DeWitt C. Poole, National Committee for Free Europe, Inc. [Approved for Release, February 16, 2011] The Office of Policy Coordination provides the Free Europe Committee with State Department policy guidance dated April 26, 1950, calling for a range of diplomatic and information initiatives, including use of émigrés, but cautioning that broadcasts “should not promise imminent liberation or encourage active revolt.” The quoted phrase was added to the initial guidance dated April 11 and published in FRUS, 1950, IV, 14-17
April 26, 1950	Recommendations on Utilization of the Russian Emigration [Approved for Release, February 16, 2011] Robert F. Kelley expands the recommendation of his May 3, 1949 memorandum ["Kelley Memorandum on Utilization of Russian Political Émigrés"] that the Office of Policy Coordination encourage the “existing striving of the Russian émigrés to create a central unifying organization” that would organize broadcast to the Soviet Union and be supported through a Free Europe Committee-llike committee in the United States. A longer version document of the same date, “Survey of Russian Emigration,” is available in the Kelley Papers.
March 16, 1950	Memorandum for Mr. Horace Nickels, 'Support for Radio Broadcasting Program to Satellite Nations' [Approved for Release, March 2009] Office of Policy Coordination requests information – negative and positive – from the State Department on conditions in Eastern Europe that could be used in Radio Free Europe broadcasts.
October 4, 1949	Outline of the Understanding between Office of the Policy Coordination and National Committee for Free Europe [Approved for Release, February 16, 2011] This seminal document reaffirms the mission of the Free Europe Committee (FEC) and outlines the respective authorities and responsibilities of OPC, as agent for the US government, and the FEC, “autonomous… with due regard for the source of its funds.”
September 13, 1949	Memorandum from Frank G. Wisner to [withheld], 'Policy Directive Governing Organization of Russian Refugees in Germany and Austria' [Approved for Release, March 2009] George Kennan authorizes Frank Wisner to proceed with a central Russian émigré organization initially focused on émigré welfare and subject to US government policy guidance. Wisner directs Office of Policy Coordination staff in a cover memorandum to proceed with the project.
May 3, 1949	Utilization of Russian Political Refugees in Germany and Austria [Approved for Release, February 16, 2011] Soviet expert Robert F. Kelley urges forming a central organization representing Russian émigré groups and providing it with radio facilities to reach the Soviet Union and Soviet armed forces in Eastern Europe.
February 21, 1949	Memorandum for Mr. Wisner, 'Notes on Discussion of New York Committee with Mr. George Kennan, February 18, 1949' [Approved for Release, March 2009] George Kennan, State Department official Llewellyn E. Thompson, and Office of Policy Coordination director Frank Wisner agree that influential private citizens organizing the Free Europe Committee (FEC) require approval for the project from Secretary of State Dean Acheson and thereafter responsibility for dealing with East European émigré leaders will shift from State to the FEC.
October 14, 1948	Draft Charter of Committee to Support Émigré Broadcasting [Approved for Release, February 16, 2011] Draft charter for an émigré-support committee, prepared by the Office of Policy Coordination official Maynard Ruddock