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Soviet soldier taking a photograph of another soldier in Red Square, Moscow, 1959

Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

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Western Europe

Germany

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

"The Bundeshaus (Federal Building) in Bonn, West Germany, May 1961. "

Western Europe

West Germany

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Eastern Europe

Poland

Mikhail Gorbachev, 1986

Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeevich

1931- 2022

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin and the Cold War

Photograph of Helmut Kohl, 1982.

Kohl, Helmut

1930- 2017

Jan Nowak-Jeziorański broadcasting for Radio Free Europe, 3 May 1952

Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty

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Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890- 1986

Truman with Attlee and Stalin at Potsdam

Cold War Origins

German Reunification

West German Chancellor Willy Brandt, 1971.

Brandt, Willy

1913- 1992

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Documents

July 19, 1990	Sucharipa, Austrian Foreign Ministry, 'German Unification, Soviet Position' The document discusses the Soviet position on German unification in six separate parts. The first deals with confusion over Gorbachev's better than expected consent to unification. Second are the potential domestic and foreign policy reasons the USSR consented so readily to unification, followed by the third part which outlines potential Soviet benefits from the process. The fourth section discusses the autonomy of the new German government, which is backed up with the fifth section discussing public sentiment. The final portion discusses the fine line for both the Soviet Union and the West between being overbearing on Germany's new independence and not helping enough.
September 19, 1989	Analysis by Envoy Thomas Nowotny, 'The Specter of German Reunification' The report discusses the conflicting views from countries such as the US and USSR surrounding German Reunification. It later explains predicted demographics, economics, and military prowess of a unified Germany.
October 15, 1951	Memorandum of D. F. Ustinov to L. P. Beria on the Use of German Specialists Summary report on the use of German specialists for Soviet rocket development
1963	Report, 'Point 2. NATO situation' Discussion of the relative roles of the United States, Great Britain, Germany and France in NATO and a proposal to revise the role of NATO as the threat of a Soviet attack increases.
December 4, 1962	Report by Permanent Representative to NATO Alessandrini to Minister of Defense Andreotti Italy's permanent representative to NATO Alessandrini writes to PM Andreotti in preparation for the upcoming Paris summit. He shares general remarks about the state of the alliance and current issues in international relations focusing on the German question, Cuba, and Sino-Soviet relations.
April 14, 1987	Memorandum by Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 'The FNI negotiations. The problem of SRINF and that of the "conversion". West Germany's stance' The document briefly describes the US and Soviet views on the question of SRINF reductions, and discusses the German concerns about the process.
October 26, 1946	Answers to the Questions of Mr. H. Bailey, President of the American Agency 'United Press' In an interview, Stalin discusses the political developments in Europe and the Soviet Union and the threat of conflict with the West. Particular emphasis is paid to Germany and Eastern Europe.
June 4, 1945	Notes by Wilhelm Pieck on a Consultation with Stalin, Molotov, Zhdanov Meeting notes on the situation in Germany.
December 8, 1944	Conversation between General de Gaulle and Marshal Stalin Friday 8 December 1944 General de Gaulle discusses France's positions on the German question in terms of Germany's borders, disarmament, and alliances. De Gaulle insists that Germany's Western border should not extend past the Rhine and that the country should be disarmed militarily, economically, and morally. He argues that international alliances between the USSR and France should be multilayered, and should include some involvement United States. Stalin argues for the benefit of a tripartite pact between the USSR, France, and England. Stalin then describes a pact between the USSR and France to bolster Poland.
December 2, 1944	Account of General de Gaulle's Meeting with Marshal Stalin Saturday, 2 December at 21:00 at the Kremlin Stalin and de Gaulle discuss General de Gaulle's recent trip to Baku, the need to establish a strong France and Russia in the new European order, and Germany's future western border with France. The leaders discuss a 20-year treaty of alliance between the two nations.