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China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949 Clear All

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China and the Soviet Union in Xinjiang, 1934-1949

Uyghur man in Xinjiang

China

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

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Eastern Europe

Soviet Union

Portrait of Mao Zedong on Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, China, 1972.

East Asia

China

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Soviet Union. Communist Party. Central Committee (CPSU CC). Politburo

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Sheng, Shicai

1897- 1970

A photo of Joseph Stalin from 1943

Stalin, Joseph

1879- 1953

Sino-Soviet Relations

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Molotov, Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich

1890- 1986

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Chinese Civil War, 1946-1950

Making of the Sino-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1950

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Mongolia

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Mao, Zedong

1893- 1976

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July 3, 1945	Report from L. Beria to I.V. Stalin of the State Defense Committee and V.M. Molotov of the Council of People's Commissars Beria reports on a Chinese offensive against the Dungan rebel battalion in the Ili District of Xinjiang, noting the Chinese and rebel losses.
June 2, 1945	Letter from L. Beria to Cde. I.V. Stalin of the State Defense Committee and Cde. V.M. Molotov of the Council of People's Commissars Beria describes a meeting between NKVD Lt. Col. Prokopyuk and Shakirjan at which Shakirjan suggested renewing active rebel operations, emphasizing that the lack of combat is beginning to demoralize the Muslim population.
April 22, 1945	Letter from Alihan Tore to Commander-in-Chief Marshal Stalin Shakirjan praises Stalin and the Soviet Union, emphasizing that the Ili rebels' victory over the Chinese government is contingent on the continued receipt of Soviet aid.
May 11, 1945	Letter from L. Beria to Cde. I.V. Stalin Molotov reports that he is sending Stalin a letter from Alihan Tore Shakirjan, the Chairman of the Provisional Government of East Turkestan.
April 29, 1945	Report from L. Beria and A. Vyshinsky to Cde. I.V. Stalin Beria and Vyshinsky summarize the prevailing conditions in the Ili District of Xinjiang, describing the equipment and foodstuffs seized by the rebels, the extent of Chinese army losses, and the provisional government headed by Alihan Tore Shakirjan. Urging Stalin to support the Ili Muslims' liberation movement, they offer suggestions for future actions in support of the rebel army.
April 17, 1945	Special Report from General-Major Yegnarov to USSR People’s Commissar of Internal Affairs, General Commissar of State Security, Cde. L.P. Beria General Yegnarov reports on the Ili rebel army's capture of 220 Chinese troops and their cache of weapons in Torgustay and a subsequent rebel seizure of Chinese weapons in Takiantsan.
July 18, 1949	Cable, Liu Shaoqi to Mao Zedong A committee to write up a preliminary draft for a loan from the USSR to China is created. Stalin meets with a delegation of the CCP and answers several of their questions, including: the CCP's policy towards the Chinese national bourgeoisie, the matter of people's democratic dictatorship, Chinese foreign policy issues, Sino-Soviet relations, Xinjiang, Dalian, a Chinese University in Moscow, a railway from outer Mongolia to Zhangjiakou, and a naval school. Stalin and the CCP delegation also discussed the possibility of a war breaking out between the USSR and the US.
February 1, 1949	Memorandum of Conversation between Anastas Mikoyan and Zhou Enlai Anastas and Zhou Enlai discuss Muslims in China, Chinese policy in inner Mongolia, the Guomindang navy, Guomindang forces, characteristics of Guomindang leaders, PLA arms, PLA military requests, PLA intelligence, and the organization of the war ministry. (Evening)
February 4, 1949	Memorandum of Conversation between Anastas Mikoyan and Mao Zedong Anastas Mikoyan and Mao Zedong discuss the independence of Mongolia, the independence movement in Xinjiang, the construction of a railroad in Xinjiang, CCP contacts with the VKP(b), the candidate for Chinese ambassador to the USSR, aid from the USSR to China, CCP negotiations with the Guomindang, the preparatory commisssion for convening the PCM, the character of future rule in China, Chinese treaties with foreign powers, and the Sino-Soviet treaty.
February 6, 1949	Memorandum of Conversation between Anastas Mikoyan and Mao Zedong Anastas Mikoyan and Mao Zedong discuss Outer Mongolia, the Sino-Soviet treaty, the situation of the national minorities in China, the economic policy of the CCP, the structure of state power, the head of the Chinese government, the "new situation" and the cadres, the Soviet loan to China, the CCP CC plans for February-March, and the youth movement.