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Photograph of the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

Middle East

Palestine

Photograph of the Port of Jaffa in Israel.

Middle East

Israel

Photograph of Tripoli, Lebanon

Middle East

Lebanon

Emir Farid Chehab

Emir Farid Chehab Collection

The Palace of the Republic (Palast der Republik) in Berlin

Eastern Europe

East Germany

Photograph of Sayyida Zainab bin Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib Shrine.

Middle East

Syria

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Arafat, Yasir

1929- 2004

Aerial view of National Mall

North America

United States

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Journalist informer

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Erich Honecker, 1976.

Honecker, Erich Ernst Paul

1912- 1994

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

International Dimensions of Decolonization in the Middle East and North Africa

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Assad, Hafez

1930- 2000

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Germany (East). Ministry for State Security (Stasi)

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Aerial photograph of CIA headquarters

United States. Central Intelligence Agency

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Zhou Enlai and Gamal Abdel Nasser

China and the Middle East/North Africa

George H.W. Bush and Lech Walesa

CIA Reports on the Collapse of Communism in Europe

Yasser Arafat and Nicolae Ceausescu

Ceausescu's Diplomacy in the Middle East

The Second Asian-African Conference

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October 27, 1983	GDR Ministry for State Security, 'Information about The Escalation of Conflicts within the PLO' The report evaluates the internal situation of the PLO, which lost its bases in southern Lebanon and is exposed to increased pressure by Arab governments. The report describes the conflict between Arafat and the Syrian branch of the PLO and notes the increase in Syrian influence following a violent incident in Tripoli, in which Arafat and the Muslim Brothers were supposedly involved. Regardless of Syria's strength, the report states that Arafat has shown no inclination to work with the Syrian government. It concludes that a split seems likely, especially since Arafat has oriented himself towards the reactionary Arab forces.
March 30, 1980	From an interview with the President of the SI, Brandt, for the French newspaper Le Nouvel Observateur 30 March 1980 Willy Brandt's interview for the French newspaper on Camp David and recognition of the new Jewish state.
September 15, 1988	Note of a Meeting between the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED and Chairman, Comrade Erich Honecker, and the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the PLO, Yasser Arafat, on 15 September 1988 Arafat reports that the First Intifada, which began ten months earlier, has strengthened the PLO. He describes the PLO’s plans going forward and their anticipated impact on Israel. Honecker expresses East Germany’s steadfast support for the PLO and talks about potential progress towards peace on the international stage.
August 1, 1983	Letter from Erich Honecker to Yasser Arafat Honecker criticizes aggressive US policy in Europe, emphasizes the importance of unity among the Arab states and reassures the PLO of continuing GDR support in its struggle for an independent Palestinian state.
August 1, 1983	Letter from Erich Honecker to Hafez al-Assad Honecker shows his concern about the growing tensions within the PLO and between the PLO and the Syrian leadership. He appeals to Assad to continue his cooperation with Arafat.
April 22, 1980	Minutes of Conversation between Todor Zhivkov and Yasser Arafat, Damascus The two leaders discuss the situation in the Middle East, and the role of the superpowers - the US and the Soviet Union.
February 14, 1984	Transcript of a Meeting between Comrade Erich Honecker, General Secretary of the Central Committee of the SED and Chairman of the State Council of the GDR, with the Chairman of the Executive Committee of the PLO, Yasser Arafat At a meeting held in Moscow on the occasion of Soviet General Secretary Yuri Andropov’s funeral, Arafat cordially thanks the GDR for its “permanent support and solidarity”. Arafat and Honecker discuss the Middle East’s fractious situation, agreeing in particular that the Camp David Accords must be nullified.
March 9, 1982	Stenographic Transcript of the Official Talks between Erich Honecker and Yasser Arafat in the House of the Central Committee of the SED in Berlin The conversation is mainly concerned with the situation in the Middle East, but there are also some remarks about Poland, Afghanistan, and French-Israeli relations. Honecker emphasizes that only the creation of a sovereign Palestinian state can solve the Middle East conflict. He underlines the continuing support of the GDR for the PLO, for example, through military aid and the opening of an official PLO embassy in Berlin. Arafat points to the West German support for Israel and asks for further military aid.
May 13, 1982	Note about a Talk at the Occasion of the Inaugural Visit by the Ambassador of the PLO Dr. Isam Kamel Salem, with the Head of the Department Near and Middle East of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Comrade Wolfgang Schüßler, on 11 May 1982 The conversation deals with permanent PLO representation in the GDR. The PLO has had official representation since 1978, with the opening of a PLO embassy in Berlin. The PLO ambassador points out that this status necessarily leads to more expenses. He applies for more GDR funding.
June 25, 1982	Message of L.I. Brezhnev to Syrian President Hafez Assad Brezhnev appeals to Assad to continue his support for the PLO. He blames the passivity of the other Arab states for the critical military situation in Lebanon.